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Osborne v Commonwealth     115

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
Attorney-General (Tas) v Casimaty	[2024] HCA 31	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Sep 2024	AustLII		1
Crime and Corruption Commission v Carne	[2023] HCA 28; (2023) 412 ALR 380	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	13 Sep 2023	AustLII		2
Unions NSW v New South Wales	[2023] HCA 4; (2023) 277 CLR 627; 407 ALR 277; (2023) 97 ALJR 150	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	15 Feb 2023	AustLII		26
Clubb v Edwards	[2019] HCA 11; (2019) 267 CLR 171; (2019) 366 ALR 1; (2019) 93 ALJR 448	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	10 Apr 2019	AustLII		110
O'Sullivan v Andrews	[2016] VSC 560; (2016) 50 VR 600	Supreme Court of Victoria	Australia - Victoria	21 Sep 2016	AustLII		3
Numo Pty Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue	[2016] VSC 274	Supreme Court of Victoria	Australia - Victoria	3 Jun 2016	AustLII		3
Cigars, Barrington (Jamaica) Ltd v The Minister of Finance and Planning and the Commissioner of Customs	[2016] JMSC 234	Supreme Court of Jamaica	Jamaica	8 Jan 2016	CommonLII
Plummer, Edgar Nathaniel v The Registrar of Titles	[2016] JMSC 100	Supreme Court of Jamaica	Jamaica	8 Jan 2016	CommonLII
Keke v Scotty	[2013] NRSC 3	Supreme Court of Nauru	Nauru	15 Mar 2013	PacLII		3
GE Capital Finance Pty Ltd v FCT	[2007] FCA 558; (2007) 159 FCR 473; (2007) 66 ATR 447	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	19 Apr 2007	AustLII		9
Deputy Commissioner of Taxation for the Commonwealth of Australia v Robinswood Pty Ltd	[2005] WASC 67	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	29 Apr 2005	AustLII		3
Permanent Trustee Australia Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue	[2004] HCATrans 43	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	4 Mar 2004	AustLII
Re VAS and Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs	[2003] AATA 939	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	18 Sep 2003	AustLII		1
Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs v Al Masri	[2003] FCAFC 70; (2003) 126 FCR 54; (2003) 197 ALR 241; 73 ALD 609	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	15 Apr 2003	AustLII		210
Secretary, Department of Family and Community Services and Lind, Re	[2003] AATA 242; (2003) 36 AAR 498; (2003) 5 (9) SSR 122	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	13 Mar 2003	AustLII		2
Re Assi and Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs	[2003] AATA 106; 36 AAR 432	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	5 Feb 2003	AustLII		2
Makbool and Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs	[2002] AATA 985	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	22 Oct 2002	AustLII
Marquet v Attorney-General of Western Australia	[2002] WASCA 277; (2002) 26 WAR 201; (2002) 173 FLR 153; (2002) 193 ALR 269	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	11 Oct 2002	AustLII		14
McBain, Re; Ex parte Australian Catholic Bishops Conference	[2002] HCA 16; (2002) 209 CLR 372; (2002) 188 ALR 1; (2002) 76 ALJR 694; [2002] EOC 93-207; (2002) 23 Leg Rep 2	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	18 Apr 2002	AustLII		326
Luton v Lessels	[2002] HCA 13; (2002) 210 CLR 333; (2002) 187 ALR 529; [2002] FLC 98-015; (2002) 76 ALJR 635; (2002) 23 Leg Rep 2; 28 Fam LR 398; 49 ATR 471	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Apr 2002	AustLII		137
Re Cebreros and Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs	[2002] AATA 213; 34 AAR 529	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	3 Apr 2002	AustLII		5
Re Birdseye and Companies, Auditors & Liquidators Disciplinary Board	[2001] AATA 783; (2001) 65 ALD 281; 39 ACSR 414	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	27 Aug 2001	AustLII		9
Yougarla v Western Australia	[2001] HCA 47; 207 CLR 344; (2001) 181 ALR 371; (2001) 75 ALJR 1316	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	9 Aug 2001	AustLII		44
Ex Parte President of the Republic of South Africa: In re Constitutionality of the Liquor Bill (CCT12/99)	[1999] ZACC 15	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	11 Nov 1999	SAFLII		10
Egan v Willis	[1998] HCA 71; (1998) 195 CLR 424; 158 ALR 527; 73 ALJR 75	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	19 Nov 1998	AustLII		173
Harris v DPP	[1998] NRSC 1	Supreme Court of Nauru	Nauru	27 Feb 1998	PacLII		4
Western Australia v Commonwealth	[1995] HCA 47; (1995) 183 CLR 373; (1995) 128 ALR 1; (1995) 69 ALJR 309; [1995] EOC 92-687	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	16 Mar 1995	AustLII		547
Biljabu v Western Australia P45/1993	[1994] HCATrans 5	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	8 Sep 1994	AustLII
Western Australia v Commonwealth of Australia P4/1994	[1994] HCATrans 6	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	8 Sep 1994	AustLII
Wororra Peoples v Western Australia M147/1993	[1994] HCATrans 7	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	8 Sep 1994	AustLII
Northern Suburbs General Cemetery Reserve Trust v Commonwealth	[1993] HCA 12; (1993) 176 CLR 555	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Mar 1993	AustLII		78
Mutual Pools & Staff Pty Ltd v FCT	[1992] HCA 4; (1992) 173 CLR 450; (1991) 104 ALR 545; 66 ALJR 222; 22 ATR 856	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	12 Feb 1992	AustLII		40
State Chamber of Commerce and Industry v The Commonwealth The Second Fringe Benefits Tax Case	[1987] HCA 38; (1987) 163 CLR 329; 73 ALR 161; (1987) 19 ATR 103; 61 ALJR 459	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 Sep 1987	AustLII		109
Amalgamated Television Services Pty Ltd v Australian Broadcasting Tribunal	[1984] FCA 144; (1984) 1 FCR 409; (1984) 54 ALR 57	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	1 Jun 1984	AustLII		9
MacCormick v FCT	[1984] HCA 20; (1984) 158 CLR 622; 52 ALR 53; (1984) 58 ALJR 268; 15 ATR 437	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	10 Apr 1984	AustLII		137
Re Ligor Sezdirmezoglu and Penelope Drokos v the Acting Minister of Immigration and Ethnic Affairs Vg	[1983] FCA 272	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	21 Oct 1983	AustLII
Cliffs International Inc v Commissioner of Taxation	[1977] WASC 92	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	24 May 1977	AustLII
Victoria v Commonwealth	[1975] HCA 52; (1975) 134 CLR 338; (1975) 7 ALR 277; (1975) 50 ALJR 157	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	29 Oct 1975	AustLII		235
Western Australia v The Commonwealth	[1975] HCA 46; (1975) 134 CLR 201; (1975) 7 ALR 159; 50 ALJR 68	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	17 Oct 1975	AustLII		117
Victoria v Commonwealth	[1975] HCA 39; (1975) 134 CLR 81; 7 ALR 1; 50 ALJR 7	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	30 Sep 1975	AustLII		209
"Systems of securities regulation, Volume 4"	[1975] UNSWLawTD 4	Geddes, David	Australia	circa 1975	AustLII
"Systems of securities regulation, Volume 3"	[1975] UNSWLawTD 3	Geddes, David	Australia	circa 1975	AustLII
Carmody v FC Lovelock Pty Ltd	[1970] HCA 35; (1970) 123 CLR 1; [1971] ALR 21; 44 ALJR 402	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	9 Oct 1970	AustLII		8
Fairfax v FCT	[1965] HCA 64; (1965) 114 CLR 1; [1966] ALR 1073; 14 ATD 135; 39 ALJR 308	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 Dec 1965	AustLII		104
Miller & Maund Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Stamp Duties	[1959] TASStRp 24; [1959] Tas SR 94		Australia - Tasmania	9 Dec 1959	AustLII		1
Re Dymond	[1959] HCA 22; (1959) 101 CLR 11; [1959] ALR 772; 12 ATD 1; 33 ALJR 48	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	27 Apr 1959	AustLII		41
Davis Investments Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Stamp Duties (NSW)	[1958] HCA 22; (1958) 100 CLR 392; [1958] ALR 561	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	9 May 1958	AustLII		53
FCT v Newton	[1957] HCA 99; (1957) 96 CLR 577; (1957) 11 ATD 187; 7 AITR 1	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	31 May 1957	AustLII		48
"The Australian Constitution - Applicability of Section 55(1) to Non-Revenue Legislation"	[1957] Res Jud 79	Jones, F L	Australia	circa 1957	AustLII
Taylor v Harris	[1952] VicLawRp 53; [1953] VLR 105; [1953] ALR 155		Australia - Victoria	29 Aug 1952	AustLII		1
Moore v The Commonwealth	[1951] HCA 10; (1951) 82 CLR 547; [1951] ALR 258; 9 ATD 283	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	22 Mar 1951	AustLII		34
Griffiths Hughes Ptys Ltd v FCT	[1950] HCA 14; 84 CLR 13; [1951] ALR 633; 9 ATD 316	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 Jun 1950	AustLII
Melbourne Corporation v Commonwealth	[1947] HCA 26; (1947) 74 CLR 31; [1947] ALR 377; (1947) 21 ALJR 188	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	13 Aug 1947	AustLII		434
Arthur Yates & Co Pty Ltd v Vegetable Seeds Committee	[1945] HCA 55; (1945) 72 CLR 37; [1945] ALR 474; (1945) 19 ALJR 276; 29 P 67	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	21 Nov 1945	AustLII		125
Arthur Yates and Co Pty Ltd v The Vegetable Seeds Committee	[1945] ArgusLawRp 82; (1945) 51 ALR 474	Argus Law Reports	Australia	21 Nov 1945	AustLII
Attorney-General (Ex rel Dale) v The Commonwealth	[1945] ArgusLawRp 80	Argus Law Reports	Australia	19 Nov 1945	AustLII
Cadbury-Fry-Pascall Pty Ltd v FCT	[1944] HCA 31; (1944) 70 CLR 362; [1944] ALR 401; (1944) 7 ATD 471	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	10 Nov 1944	AustLII		47
South Australia v The Commonwealth	[1942] HCA 14; (1942) 65 CLR 373; [1942] ALR 186; (1942) 7 ATD 1	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	23 Jul 1942	AustLII		271
Resch v FCT	[1942] HCA 2; (1942) 66 CLR 198; [1942] ALR 73; (1942) 6 ATD 203	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	4 Feb 1942	AustLII		50
Resch v Commissioner of Taxation	[1942] ArgusLawRp 2; (1942) 48 ALR 73	Argus Law Reports	Australia	4 Feb 1942	AustLII
Radio Corporation Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth	[1938] ArgusLawRp 6; (1938) 44 ALR 146	Argus Law Reports	Australia	7 Mar 1938	AustLII
Radio Corporation Pty Ltd v Commonwealth	[1938] HCA 9; (1938) 59 CLR 170; [1938] ALR 146	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	7 Mar 1938	AustLII		49
Attorney-General v Australian Agricultural Co	[1934] NSWStRp 52; (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 571; 51 WN (NSW) 197	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	11 Nov 1934	AustLII		8
Colonial Gas Association Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation	[1934] ArgusLawRp 30; (1934) 40 ALR 187	Argus Law Reports	Australia	23 May 1934	AustLII
FCT v Hipsleys Ltd	[1926] ArgusLawRp 81; (1926) 38 CLR 219; 32 ALR 432	Argus Law Reports	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Oct 1926	AustLII		6
FCT v Munro	[1926] HCA 58; (1926) 38 CLR 153; (1926) 32 ALR 339	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	25 Aug 1926	AustLII		364
Commissioner of Taxation v Munro	[1926] ArgusLawRp 64	Argus Law Reports	Australia	25 Aug 1926	AustLII
British Imperial Oil Co Ltd v The Commissioner of Taxation	(1925) 31 ALR 129		Australia	9 Apr 1925	AustLII		3
Campbell v Municipal Council of Sydney (No 2); Hughes Motor Service Ltd v Same	[1923] NSWStRp 79; (1923) 24 SR (NSW) 193	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	19 Dec 1923	AustLII
Heron v The Port Huon Fruitgrowers' Co-operative Association Ltd	[1922] ArgusLawRp 3	Argus Law Reports	Australia	16 Feb 1922	AustLII
Cornell v Deputy FCT (SA)	[1920] HCA 65	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	25 Oct 1920	AustLII
Harding v FCT	[1917] ArgusLawRp 27; (1917) 23 CLR 119; 23 ALR 137	Argus Law Reports	Australia - Commonwealth	26 Apr 1917	AustLII		31
National Trustees, Executors & Agency Co of Australasia Ltd v FCT	[1916] HCA 62	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	23 Oct 1916	AustLII		1
G G Crespin & Son v Colac Co-operative Farmers Ltd	[1916] HCA 13; (1916) 21 CLR 205	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	24 Mar 1916	AustLII		10
Crespin and Son v Colac v Co-operative Farmers Ltd	[1915] ArgusLawRp 104	Argus Law Reports	Australia	1 Oct 1915	AustLII
Crespin & Son v Colac Co-Operative Farmers Ltd	[1915] VicLawRp 80; [1915] VLR 580		Australia - Victoria	1 Oct 1915	AustLII		1
John Sanderson & Co v Crawford	[1915] ArgusLawRp 103; [1915] VicLawRp 79; [1915] VLR 568; 21 ALR 368; 37 ALT 89	Argus Law Reports	Australia - Victoria	1 Oct 1915	AustLII		6
Fisher v The Deputy Federal Commissioner of Land Tax for New South Wales	[1915] ArgusLawRp 87; (1916) 22 ALR 29	Argus Law Reports	Australia	3 Sep 1915	AustLII
Waterhouse v Deputy Federal Commissioner of Land Tax, SA	[1914] HCA 16; (1914) 17 CLR 665; 20 ALR 155	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	20 Mar 1914	AustLII		24
Buchanan v The Commonwealth	[1913] HCA 29; (1913) 16 CLR 315; [1913] ALR 251	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	9 May 1913	AustLII		54
Henry Hedderwick, Bruce Pitcairn Hedderwick and Thomas Canvine Alston, Trustees of the Estate of John Duerdin Deceased v The Commissioner of Land Tax	[1913] ArgusLawRp 16; (1913) 19 ALR 112	Argus Law Reports	Australia	3 Mar 1913	AustLII
Morgan v Deputy Federal Commissioner of Land Tax (NSW)	[1912] HCA 88	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	19 Dec 1912	AustLII
Morgan v Deputy Federal Commissioner of Land Tax, NSW	[1912] ArgusLawRp 159; 15 CLR 661; 19 ALR 120	Argus Law Reports	Australia - Commonwealth	19 Dec 1912	AustLII		18
Colonial Sugar Refining Co Ltd v Attorney-General (Cth)	[1912] HCA 94; (1912) 15 CLR 182; 18 ALR 429	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	4 Oct 1912	AustLII		66
Garrett v R	[1912] ArgusLawRp 70; 18 ALR 237; 52 ALJR 206	Argus Law Reports	Australia	19 Jun 1912	AustLII		8
Patterson v Farrell	[1911] VicLawRp 73; [1912] VLR 17		Australia - Victoria	29 Nov 1911	AustLII
Osborne v Commonwealth	[1911] HCA 19; (1911) 12 CLR 321; 17 ALR 242	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	31 May 1911	AustLII		115

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title	Citation(s)	Author	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
"The Torment of Our Powerlessness': Addressing Indigenous Constitutional Vulnerability through the Uluru Statement's Call for a First Nations Voice in Their Affairs"	(2018) 41 University of New South Wales Law Journal 629	Morris, Shireen	Australia	circa 2018	AustLII		3
"Charities Are the New Constitutional Law Frontier"	(2017) 41 Melbourne University Law Review 446	Aroney, Nicholas; Turnour, Matthew	Australia	circa 2017	AustLII		1
"Should The Australian Constitution Establish An Indigenous Advisory Body?"	[2015] AUIndigLawRw 19	Williams, George	Australia	circa 2015	AustLII
"Constitutionalising An Indigenous Voice In Australian Law-Making: Some Institutional Design Challenges"	[2015] AUIndigLawRw 18	Appleby, Gabrielle	Australia	circa 2015	AustLII
"The Australian Capital Territory has adopted measures to abolish stamp duty and impose a land tax on all real property: Will this approach be adopted by other States in Australia?"	[2013] JlATaxTA 5	McLaren, John	Australia	circa 2013	AustLII
"Parliament's Role in Constitutional Interpretation"	(2013) 37 Melbourne University Law Review 255	Appleby, Gabrielle; Webster, Adam	Australia	circa 2013	AustLII		7
"The Constitution of Western Australia - Controversial Aspects of Money and Financial Arrangements, Parliamentary Control of Revenue, Relations between the Houses and Funding Disputes"	(2012) 36 (2) University of Western Australia Law Review 114	Johnston, Peter	Australia - Western Australia	circa 2012	AustLII
"Petroleum and Mineral Resource Rent Taxes: Could These Taxation Principles Have a Wider Application?"	(2012) 10 Macquarie Law Journal 69	McLaren, John	Australia	circa 2012	AustLII		2
"The Constitutional Prohibition on Religious Tests"	(2011) 35 Melbourne University Law Review 323	Beck, Luke	Australia	circa 2011	AustLII		2
"The Constitution and Islam: Are Tax Reforms Possible To Facilitate Islamic Finance?"	[2010] RevenueLawJl 5	Freudenberg, Brett; Nathie, Mahmood	Australia	circa 2010	AustLII
"Clear and Empathic: The Separation of Church and State under the Australian Constitution"	(2008) 27 University of Tasmania Law Review 161	Beck, Luke	Australia - Tasmania	circa 2008	AustLII		4
"The Hidden Power of Taxation: how the High Court has Enabled Punitive Legislation to Bypass the Senate"	(2008) 11 Journal of Australian Taxation 1	Hyde, Nina	Australia	circa 2008	AustLII
"Re-Invigorating the Accountability and Transparency of the Australian Government's Expenditure"	(2008) 32 Melbourne University Law Review 879	Lawson, Charles	Australia	circa 2008	AustLII		4
"The Hidden Power of Taxation: how the High Court has Enabled Punitive Legislation to Bypass the Senate"	[2008] JlATax 4	Hyde, Nina	Australia	circa 2008	AustLII
"Involuntary Detention and the Separation of Judicial Power"	(2007) 35 Federal Law Review 25	McDonald, Stephen	Australia	circa 2007	AustLII		6
"Regulating a National Emissions Trading System within Australia: Constitutional Limitations"	(2006) 3 Macquarie Journal of International and Comparative Environmental Law 83	Garner, Renee	Australia	circa 2006	AustLII
"Special Accounts' Under the Constitution: Amounts Apporpriated for Designated Purposes"	(2006) 29 University of New South Wales Law Journal 114	Lawson, Charles	Australia	circa 2006	AustLII		1
"On the First Paragraph of Section 55: A Response to P G Sharp"	(2006) 34 (2) Federal Law Review 355	Marinac, Anthony S	Australia	circa 2006	AustLII
"The First Paragraph of Section 55"	(2005) 33 (3) Federal Law Review 569	Sharp , P G	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII
"Federal Limitations on the Legislative Power of the States and the Commonwealth to Bind one another"	(2003) 31 (3) Federal Law Review 507	Twomey, Anne	Australia	circa 2003	AustLII		1
"Pastoral Leases in the Northern Territory and the Reservation of Aboriginal Rights, 1863-1931"	(1999) 22 University of New South Wales Law Journal 462	Dalziel, Jamie	Australia	circa 1999	AustLII		1
"What is a Tax: The Erosion of the 'Latham Definition'"	[1996] RevenueLawJl 4	Morabito, Vince; Barkoczy, Stephen	Australia	circa 1996	AustLII
"Tangled Web - Redistributing Electoral Boundaries for Tasmania's Legislative Council, A"	(1996) 15 University of Tasmania Law Review 143	Stokes, Michael	Australia - Tasmania	circa 1996	AustLII
"A Taxing Time: The High Court and the Tax Provisions of the Consitution"	(1993) 23 (2) University of Western Australia Law Review 362	Johnston, Peter	Australia - Western Australia	circa 1993	AustLII
"Constitution and the Environment, The"	(1991) 13 Sydney Law Review 11	Crawford, James	Australia	circa 1991	AustLII		16
"Petroleum Act, 1923-1983 (Qld)"	[1986] AUMPLawB 3	Gately, DJ	Australia	circa 1986	AustLII
"Zines, Lelie: Commentaries on the Australian Constituion: A Tribute to Geoffrey Sawer"	(1977) 8 (4) Federal Law Review 502	Mason, Anthony	Australia	circa 1977	AustLII
"Commonwealth Power to Regulate Industrial Pollution"	(1975-1976) 10 Melbourne University Law Review 577	Opie, Haydeb	Australia	circa 1976	AustLII		6
"Systems of securities regulation, Volume 4"	[1975] UNSWLawTD 4	Geddes, David	Australia	circa 1975	AustLII
"Systems of securities regulation, Volume 3"	[1975] UNSWLawTD 3	Geddes, David	Australia	circa 1975	AustLII
"Federal Deadlocks: Origin and Operation of Section 57"	(1962) 1 University of Tasmania Law Review 706	Richardson, J E	Australia - Tasmania	circa 1962	AustLII
"The Australian Constitution - Applicability of Section 55(1) to Non-Revenue Legislation"	[1957] Res Jud 79	Jones, F L	Australia	circa 1957	AustLII

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
Osborne v The Commonwealth	[1911] ArgusLawRp 37; (1911) 17 ALR 242	Argus Law Reports	Australia	circa 1911	AustLII		1