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Kadic v Karadzic   flag  76

70 F3d 232; 64 USLW 2231
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
United States
6th January, 1996

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
R v Reeves-Taylor (Agnes) [2019] UKSC 51; [2019] 3 WLR 1073 United Kingdom Supreme Court United Kingdom 13 Nov 2019 BAILII flag 1
Belhaj v Straw [2014] EWCA Civ 1394; [2015] 2 WLR 1105 England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division United Kingdom - England and Wales 30 Oct 2014 BAILII flag 21
Alien Tort Claims Act and the South African Apartheid Litigation: Is the End Nigh?" [2012] SPECJU 4 South Africa circa 2012 SAFLII flag
Ronald Grant JONES v the United Kingdom - 34356/06 [2009] ECHR 1427 European Court of Human Rights Europe 18 Sep 2009 BAILII flag
Cisneros v J Aragon 485 F3d 1226 United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit United States 21 May 2007 WorldLII flag
Sarei v Rio Tinto, PLC 487 F3d 1193 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 12 Apr 2007 WorldLII flag 7
Taveras v R Taveraz 477 F3d 767 United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit United States 16 Feb 2007 WorldLII flag
Jean v Dorlien Llc 431 F3d 776 United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit United States 1 Dec 2005 WorldLII flag 2
Jogi v Voges [2005] USCA7 572 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 27 Sep 2005 WorldLII flag
Igarta-De La Rosa v United States 417 F3d 145 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 3 Aug 2005 WorldLII flag 8
Aldana v Del Monte Fresh Produce Na Inc 416 F3d 1242 United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit United States 8 Jul 2005 WorldLII flag 8
Enahoro Cd Mko v Abubakar 408 F3d 877 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 23 May 2005 WorldLII flag 6
Ungar v PLO 402 F3d 274 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 31 Mar 2005 WorldLII flag 7
"USA: Alien Tort Claims Act, 1789" [2005] ELECD 232 Edited Legal Collections Data Australia circa 2005 AustLII flag
Jones v Ministry of Interior of Saudi Arabia [2004] EWCA Civ 1394; [2005] 1 QB 699; [2005] 2 WLR 808 England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division United Kingdom - England and Wales 28 Oct 2004 BAILII flag 17
Sosa v Alvarez-Machain 542 US 692; 124 SCt 2739; 159 L Ed 2d 718 United States Supreme Court United States 29 Jun 2004 WorldLII flag 91
Flores v Southern Peru Copper Corporation 343 F3d 140 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 19 Sep 2003 WorldLII flag 14
Flores v S Peru Copper Corporation 414 F3d 233 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 29 Aug 2003 WorldLII flag 12
Hwang Geum Joo v Japan 332 F3d 679 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 27 Jun 2003 WorldLII flag 6
Zubeda v Ashcroft 333 F3d 463 United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit United States 23 Jun 2003 WorldLII flag 31
Alvarez-Machain v United States 331 F3d 604 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 3 Jun 2003 WorldLII flag 16
Fawcett v McRoberts 326 F3d 491 United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit United States 15 Apr 2003 WorldLII flag 9
United States v Yousef 327 F3d 56 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 4 Apr 2003 WorldLII flag 57
Al Odah v United States 321 F3d 1134 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 11 Mar 2003 WorldLII flag 24
Unocal 395 F3d 932 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 18 Sep 2002 WorldLII flag 20
Re Application of Asher B Edelman 295 F3d 171 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 1 Jul 2002 WorldLII flag 3
Justin Robinson, Plaintiff-Appellant, v the Government of Malaysia, Defendant-Third-Party-Plaintiff-Appellee, Walsh Floors, Inc , & General Assurance Co, Third-Party-Defendant-Cross-Claimant-Appellees, Ew Howell Co , Inc Third-Party-Plaintiff-Defendant-Appellee 269 F3d 133 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 11 Oct 2001 WorldLII flag 15
Students Against Genocide, , Appellants v Department of State, , Appellees 257 F3d 828 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 7 Aug 2001 WorldLII flag 7
Sampson v Federal Republic of Germany 250 F3d 1145 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 23 May 2001 WorldLII flag 16
Prosecutor v Dragoljub Kunarac, Radomir Kovac, and Zoran Vukovic - Trial Chamber II - Judgment - en IT-96-23 & 23/1 [2001] ICTY 4 International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia International 22 Feb 2001 WorldLII flag
Prosecutor v Kunarac - Judgement - Trial Chamber - en IT-96-23 & 23/1 [2001] ICTY 5 International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia International 22 Feb 2001 WorldLII flag
Bigio v Coca-Cola Co 239 F3d 440 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 2 Jan 2001 WorldLII flag 8
Wiwa v Royal Dutch Petroleum Co 226 F3d 88 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 14 Sep 2000 WorldLII flag 32
Beanal v Freeport-McMoran, Inc 197 F3d 161 United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit United States 29 Nov 1999 WorldLII flag 19
Jota v Texaco Inc 157 F3d 153; 41 Fed RServ3d 1282 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 5 Oct 1998 WorldLII flag 24
First American Corporation v Price Waterhouse Llp 154 F3d 16 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 14 Jul 1998 WorldLII flag 3
United States v Noriega 117 F3d 1206 United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit United States 7 Jul 1997 WorldLII flag 19
Prosecutor v Dusko Tadic - Opinion and Judgement - en IT-94-1 [1997] ICTY 4 International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia International 7 May 1997 WorldLII flag
Public Solicitor for Solomon Islands Prosecutor v Drazen Erdemovic Appeals Chamber Judgment IT-96-22 [1997] ICTY 3 International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia International 7 May 1997 WorldLII flag
United States v Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd 109 F3d 1; 65 USLW 2617 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 17 Mar 1997 WorldLII flag 37
Smith v Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 101 F3d 239; 65 USLW 2374; 886 FSupp 406 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 10 Feb 1997 WorldLII flag 17
Atkins v Raytheon Corporation [1996] USCA11 51 United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit United States 10 Jan 1996 WorldLII flag

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title Citation(s) Author Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
"Catching corporate human rights abuse abroad: a wider net of extraterritorial laws" [2017] NZPubIntLawJl 8 Wu, Sally New Zealand circa 2017 NZLII flag
"Case Note: Kiobel v Royal Dutch Shell - A Challenge for Transitional Justice" (2014) 13 Macquarie Law Journal 169 Kolieb, Jonathan Australia circa 2014 AustLII flag
"Toward a Functional Approach to Sovereign Equality" (2012) 53 Virginia Journal of International Law 181 Rutledge, Peter B United States circa 2012 WorldLII flag
"Still Unlawful: The Obama Military Commissions, Supreme Court Holdings, and Deviant Dicta in the DC Circuit" (2012) 45 Cornell International Law Journal 367 Paust, Jordan J United States circa 2012 WorldLII flag
Alien Tort Claims Act and the South African Apartheid Litigation: Is the End Nigh?" [2012] SPECJU 4 South Africa circa 2012 SAFLII flag
"Exaggerated Rumours of the Death of an Alien Tort? Corporations, Human Rights and the Remarkable Case of Kiobel" (2011) 12 Melbourne Journal of International Law 57 Murray, Odette; Kinley, David; Pitts, Chip Australia circa 2011 AustLII flag
Second Circuit Looks Beyond Complaint To Find State Action Requirement Satisfied (2010) 123 Harvard Law Review 768 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2010 WorldLII flag
"The Curious Case of Corporate Liability Under the Alien Tort Statute: A Flawed System of Judicial Lawmaking" (2010) 51 Virginia Journal of International Law 353 Ku, Julian G United States circa 2010 WorldLII flag 2
"Medllin, the Alien Tort Statute, and the Domestic Status of International Law" (2010) 50 Virginia Journal of International Law 485 Moore, David H United States circa 2010 WorldLII flag
Developments in the Law †Access to Courts (2009) 122 Harvard Law Review 1151 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2009 WorldLII flag
Second Circuit Holds that Human Rights Plaintiffs May Plead Aiding and Abetting Theory of Liability (2008) 121 Harvard Law Review 1953 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2008 WorldLII flag
DC Circuit Declines To Overturn Lower Court's Finding of Justiciablity in Tort Suit Brought by Indonesian Villagers (2008) 121 Harvard Law Review 898 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2008 WorldLII flag 1
Alien Tort Statute, Forum Shopping, and the Exhaustion of Local Remedies Norm (2008) 121 Harvard Law Review 2110 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2008 WorldLII flag 1
"Corporate Accountability under the Alien Tort Claims Act" (2008) 9 Melbourne Journal of International Law 472 King, Hugh Australia circa 2008 AustLII flag
"SOSA, Customary International Law, and the Continuing Relevance of Erie" (2007) 120 Harvard Law Review 869 Bradley, Curtis A; Goldsmith, Jack L; Moore, David H United States 1 Jan 2007 WorldLII flag 6
An Objection to (2006) 119 Harvard Law Review 2077 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2006 WorldLII flag 1
Second Circuit Uses Political Question Doctrine to Hold Claims Against Austria Nonjusticiable Under Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act (2006) 119 Harvard Law Review 2292 Harvard Law Review United States 1 Jan 2006 WorldLII flag
"The Recent History of the Alien Tort Claims Act: Australia's Role in its (attempted) Downfall" (2006) 25 Australian Year Book of International Law 139 O'Rourke, Anne; Nyland, Chris Australia circa 2006 AustLII flag
"Regulating Multi-national Corporations through State-based Laws: Problems with Enforcing Human Rights Torts under the United States Alien Tort Statute" (2006) 13 Australian International Law Journal 233 Harpur, Paul Australia circa 2006 AustLII flag
"IEEPA's Override Authority: Potential for a Violation of the Geneva Conventions' Right to Access for Humanitarian Organizations" (2006) 104 Michigan Law Review 2019 White, Jennifer R United States 1 Jan 2006 WorldLII flag
"USA: Alien Tort Claims Act, 1789" [2005] ELECD 232 Edited Legal Collections Data Australia circa 2005 AustLII flag
"Foreign States in Australian Courts" (2005) 29 Melbourne University Law Review 704 Garnett, R Australia circa 2005 AustLII flag 7
Globalization and Distrust (2005) 114 Yale Law Journal 1193 Chander, Anupam United States 1 Jan 2005 WorldLII flag 1
"Table of Cases" [2004] AURELawJl 87 Editors Australia circa 2004 AustLII flag
"Emergence of the Individual as an International Juristic Entity: Enforcement of International Human Rights" (2004) 9 Deakin Law Review 533 Cassidy, Julie Australia circa 2004 AustLII flag
"What are the Consequences of the Alien Tort Claims Act (US) on Mining and Petroleum Corporations Operating in Third World States in the Asian Pacific Region" [2003] AURELawJl 49 Little, Peter Australia circa 2003 AustLII flag
"How Shall We Punish the Perpetrators - Human Rights, Alien Wrongs and the March of International Criminal Law" (2003) 27 Melbourne University Law Review 255 Bhuta, Nehal Australia circa 2003 AustLII flag
"Geoffrey Robertson Crimes Against Humanity: The Struggle For Global Justice (2nd Edition) 2002 Penguin Books, London" (2003) 9 (2) Australian Journal of Human Rights 177 Freeland, Steven Australia circa 2003 AustLII flag
Law of Nations and the Offenses Clause of the Constitution: A Defense of Federalism (2002) 112 Yale Law Journal 109 Morley, Michael T United States 1 Jan 2002 WorldLII flag
Storrs Lectures: Liberals and Romantics at War: The Problem of Collective Guilt (2002) 111 Yale Law Journal 1499 Fletcher, George P United States 1 Jan 2002 WorldLII flag 2
"Corporations and Human Rights: A Theory of Legal Responsibility" (2001) 111 Yale Law Journal 443 Steven R Ratner United States 1 Jan 2001 WorldLII flag 20
"International Human Rights at Century's End" (2000) 25 Alternative Law Journal 19 Bowhuis, Stephen Australia circa 2000 AustLII flag
"The 'Unocal Case': Potential Liability of Multinational Companies for Investment Activities in Foreign Countries" (2000) 4 Southern Cross University Law Review 206 Editors Australia circa 2000 AustLII flag
"Introduction" [2000] SCULawRw 2 Zan, Myint Australia circa 2000 AustLII flag
"Defense of State Immunity for Acts of Torture, The" (1997) 18 Australian Year Book of International Law 97 Garnett, Richard Australia circa 1997 AustLII flag 3
"Table of Cases" (1997) 18 Australian Year Book of International Law 517 Editors Australia circa 1997 AustLII flag

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
Can v United States 14 F3d 160 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 13 Jan 1994 WorldLII flag 6
(1994) 34 International Legal Materials 590 (1994) 34 International Legal Materials 590 International Legal Materials United States circa 1994 HeinOnline flag 2
Nixon v United States 506 US 224; 113 SCt 732; 122 L Ed 2d 1; 113 SCt 7; 122 L Ed 3 United States Supreme Court United States 13 Jan 1993 WorldLII flag 49
Estate of Ferdinand Marcos Human Rights Litigation Trajano v E Marcos 978 F2d 493; 61 USLW 2257; 116 ALRFed 765 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 21 Oct 1992 WorldLII flag 39
Lamont v Woods 948 F2d 825; 71 Ed Law Rep 50; 60 USLW 2243 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 26 Sep 1991 WorldLII flag 10
Klinghoffer v Snc Achille Lauro Ed Altri-Gestione Motonave Achille Lauro in Amministrazione Straordinaria 937 F2d 44; 19 Fed RServ3d 1277; [1991] AMC 2751 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 21 Jun 1991 WorldLII flag 16
United States v Cook 922 F2d 1026 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 7 Jan 1991 WorldLII flag 15
Burnham v Superior Court of California 495 US 604; 109 L Ed 2d 631; 110 SCt 2105 United States Supreme Court United States 29 May 1990 WorldLII flag 43
Argentine Republic v Amerada Hess Shipping Corporation 488 US 428; 102 L Ed 2d 818; 109 SCt 683 United States Supreme Court United States 23 Jan 1989 WorldLII flag 141
National Petrochemical Co of Iran v M/t Stolt Sheaf A/s 860 F2d 551; [1989] AMC 9 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 31 Oct 1988 WorldLII flag 9
Doe Doe v United States 860 F2d 40; 26 Fed REvid Serv 1258 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 19 Oct 1988 WorldLII flag 5
Carmichael v United Technologies Corporation 835 F2d 109 United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit United States 7 Jan 1988 WorldLII flag 9
Amerada Hess Shipping Corporation v Argentine Republic United Carriers Inc 830 F2d 421; 56 USLW 2187; [1987] AMC 2705 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 11 Sep 1987 WorldLII flag 7
Rodriguez v United States 480 US 522; 94 L Ed 2d 533; 107 SCt 1391 United States Supreme Court United States 23 Mar 1987 WorldLII flag 140
(1987) 18 USC 1091 (1987) 18 USC 1091 United States Code United States circa 1987 LII (Cornell) flag 2
Japan Whaling Association v American Cetacean Society 478 US 221; 92 L Ed 2d 166; 106 SCt 2860 United States Supreme Court United States 30 Jun 1986 WorldLII flag 112
Tel-Oren v Libyan Arab Republic 726 F2d 774; 233 USApp DC 384 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 3 Feb 1984 WorldLII flag 57
Naartex Consulting Corporation v Watt 722 F2d 779; 232 USApp DC 293 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 29 Nov 1983 WorldLII flag 34
Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments and (1979) 42 USC 1983; 669 FSupp 625 United States Code United States circa 1983 LII (Cornell) flag 15693
Lugar v Edmondson Oil Co 457 US 922; 102 SCt 2744; 73 L Ed 2d 482; 73 L Ed 2 United States Supreme Court United States 25 Jun 1982 WorldLII flag 463
Filartiga v Pena-Irala 630 F2d 876; 2d CR 1980 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 30 Jun 1980 WorldLII flag 127
Pfizer, Inc v Government of India 434 US 308; 98 SCt 584; 54 L Ed 2d 563 United States Supreme Court United States 27 Feb 1978 WorldLII flag 58
(1978) 16 International Legal Materials 1442 (1978) 16 International Legal Materials 1442 International Legal Materials United States circa 1978 HeinOnline flag 3
First Nat City Bank v Banco Nacional de Cuba 406 US 759; 32 L Ed 2d 466; 92 SCt 1808 United States Supreme Court United States 10 Oct 1972 WorldLII flag 63
Carl Zeiss Stiftung Ag v Veb Carl Zeiss Jena 433 F2d 686; 167 USPQ 641 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 2 Nov 1970 WorldLII flag 37
Cuba v Sabbatino 376 US 398; 11 L Ed 2d 804; 84 SCt 923; 35 ILR 2; 11 L Ed 804; 193 FSupp 375 United States Supreme Court United States 23 Mar 1964 WorldLII flag 299
Rusk v Cort 369 US 367; 7 L Ed 2d 809; 82 SCt 787; 7 L Ed 2 United States Supreme Court United States 2 Apr 1962 WorldLII flag 270
Baker v Carr 369 US 186; 82 SCt 691; 7 L Ed 2d 633; 7 L Ed 663; 82 SCt Rep 69; 7 L Ed 2; 7 L Ed 2d 663 United States Supreme Court United States 26 Mar 1962 WorldLII flag 1055
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949) 75 UNTS 287 International circa 1949 flag 186
Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (1949) 75 UNTS 135 International circa 1949 flag 188
Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea (1949) 75 UNTS 85 International circa 1949 flag 130
Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field (1949) 75 UNTS 31 International circa 1949 flag 150
Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948) 78 UNTS 277 International circa 1948 flag 150
In re Yamashita 327 US 1; 90 L Ed 499; 66 SCt 340; 111 Idaho 112 United States Supreme Court United States 4 Feb 1946 WorldLII flag 116
Republic of Mexico v Hoffman 324 US 30; 89 L Ed 729; 65 SCt 530 United States Supreme Court United States 5 Feb 1945 WorldLII flag 57
Paquete Habana 425 F3d 367; 20 SCt 290; 92 Idaho 93 United States Supreme Court United States 8 Jan 1900 WorldLII flag 114
Underhill v Hernandez 168 US 250; 18 SCt 83; 42 L Ed 45; 42 L Ed 456 United States Supreme Court United States 29 Nov 1897 WorldLII flag 150
Ford v Surget 97 US 594; 24 L Ed 1018 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Oct 1878 WorldLII flag 9
United States v Insurance Companies 89 US 99; 22 Wall 99; 22 L Ed 816 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Oct 1874 WorldLII flag 9
Texas v White 19 L Ed 227 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Dec 1868 WorldLII flag 70
Thorington v Smith 75 US 1; 8 Wall 1; 19 L Ed 361 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Dec 1868 WorldLII flag 29
Peter Harmony v The United States 43 US 210; 11 L Ed 239 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Jan 1844 WorldLII flag 24
United States v Furlong Hobson 18 US 184; 5 Wheat 184; 5 L Ed 64 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Mar 1820 WorldLII flag 14
United States v Smith 18 US 153; 5 Wheat 153; 5 L Ed 57 United States Supreme Court United States 25 Feb 1820 WorldLII flag 48
Xuncax v Gramajo 886 FSupp 162 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 35
Doe v Karad ž i ć 866 FSupp 734 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 2
Lafontant v Aristide 844 FSupp 128 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 7
Forti v Suarez-Mason 694 FSupp 707 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 7
Forti v Suarez-Mason 672 FSupp 1531 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 26
Demjanjuk v Petrovsky 612 FSupp 544 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 10
cert denied, Marcos-Manotoc v Trajano 508 US 972; 125 L Ed 2d 661; 113 SCt 2960 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 26
500 US 941 500 US 941; 111 SCt 2235; 114 L Ed 2d 477 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 57
cert denied 470 US 1003; 105 SCt 1354; 84 L Ed 2d 377 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 84
Parks v Oklahoma 467 US 1210; 81 L Ed 2d 355; 104 SCt 2399 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 71
Sears, Roebuck & Co v Solien 403 US 905; 91 SCt 2205; 29 L Ed 2d 680 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 47
Rose v Silver 394 A2d 1368 United States circa 1991 flag 8
Adra v Clift 195 FSupp 857 United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 11
175 US 677 175 US 677 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 Westlaw flag 113
111 East 48 111 East 48 King's Bench United Kingdom circa 1991 flag 1
44 l Ed 320 44 L Ed 320 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 LexisNexis flag 31
International Committee of the Red Cross: Status of Four Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols I and II 30 International Legal Materials 397 International Legal Materials United States circa 1991 HeinOnline flag 1
28 USC 1367 28 USC 1367 United States Code United States circa 1991 LII (Cornell) flag 323
28 USC 1350 28 USC 1350 United States Code United States circa 1991 LII (Cornell) flag 29
Procedure Act) 28 USC 1331; 367 FSupp 598-599 United States Code United States circa 1991 LII (Cornell) flag 1654
"Recent Actions Regarding Treaties to Which the United States is Not a Party" 24 International Legal Materials 535 International Legal Materials United States circa 1991 HeinOnline flag 16
"Draft Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment" 23 International Legal Materials 1027 International Legal Materials United States circa 1991 HeinOnline flag 34
22 USC 287 22 USC 287 United States Code United States circa 1991 LII (Cornell) flag 5
19 l Ed 227 19 L Ed 227 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1991 LexisNexis flag 23
7 Ot 594 7 Ot 594 United States circa 1991 flag 1
"The Other Side of Right: Private Duties Under Human Rights Law" 5 Harvard Human Rights Journal 51 Harvard Human Rights Journal United States circa 1991 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 5
Bolchos v Darrel 3 FCas 810 United States circa 1991 flag 8
2 How 210 2 How 210 United Stated Supreme Court United States circa 1991 flag 39
1 Op Atty Gen 57 1 Op Atty Gen 57 United States circa 1991 flag 8

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