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Strict Scrutiny in the Middle Forum   flag 

(2009) 122 Harvard Law Review 2140
Harvard Law Review
United States
1st January, 2009

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
"Proportionality Balancing and Global Constitutionalism" (2008) 47 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 72 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law United States circa 2008 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 11
"Does Anybody Really Need A Ltd Public Forum?" (2008) 82 St Johns Law Review 107 St John's Law Review United States - New York circa 2008 flag 1
Flint v Dennison Asum Umt 488 F3d 816 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 1 Jun 2007 WorldLII flag 2
Christian Legal Society v E Walker C J 453 F3d 853 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 10 Jul 2006 WorldLII flag 6
Bowman v A White O L 444 F3d 967 United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit United States 14 Apr 2006 WorldLII flag 7
"Look Who's Talking Now: "Choose Life" License Plates and Deceptive Government Speech" (2006) 25 Yale Law & Policy Review 229 Yale Law & Policy Review United States circa 2006 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Food Frights in the Courts: the Odd Combination of Agriculture and First Amendment Rights" (2006) 43 Houston Law Review 415 Houston Law Review United States circa 2006 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
American Civil Liberties Union v Cd Mote J 423 F3d 438 United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit United States 12 Sep 2005 WorldLII flag 4
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Inc v Gittens 414 F3d 23 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 5 Jul 2005 WorldLII flag 2
Ridley v Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority 390 F3d 65 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 29 Nov 2004 WorldLII flag 5
see also United States v Am Library Ass'n 539 US 194; 123 SCt 2297; 156 L Ed 2d 221 United States Supreme Court United States 23 Jun 2003 WorldLII flag 30
Sammartano v First Judicial Dist Court 303 F3d 959 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 26 Aug 2002 WorldLII flag 28
New England Regional Council of Carpenters v J Kinton 284 F3d 9 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 19 Mar 2002 WorldLII flag 14
"Pragmatism Versus Purposivism In First Amendment Analysis" (2002) 54 Stanford Law Review 737 Stanford Law Review United States circa 2002 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 5
Chiu v Plano Indep Sch Dist 260 F3d 330 United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit United States 24 Jul 2001 WorldLII flag 13
Good News Club v Milford Cent Sch 533 US 98; 154 Ed Law Rep 45; 150 L Ed 2d 151; 121 SCt 2093; 154 Ed Law Rep 55 United States Supreme Court United States 11 Jun 2001 WorldLII flag 77
Hopper v City of Pasco 241 F3d 1067 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 15 Feb 2001 WorldLII flag 14
Kincaid v Gibson 236 F3d 342 United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit United States 5 Jan 2001 WorldLII flag 16
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan v Curators of the Univ of Mo 203 F3d 1085 United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit United States 17 Feb 2000 WorldLII flag 11
"A Nonpublic Forum Or A Brutal Bureaucracy? Advocates' Claims Of Access To Welfare Center Waiting Rooms" (2000) 75 New York University Law Review 1004 New York University Law Review United States circa 2000 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"Unleashing The Ltd Public Forum: A Modest Revision To A Dysfunctional Doctrine" (2000) 52 Stanford Law Review 929 Stanford Law Review United States circa 2000 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
Warren v Fairfax County 196 F3d 186 United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit United States 28 Oct 1999 WorldLII flag 12
National Endowment for the Arts v Finley 524 US 569; 141 L Ed 2d 500; 118 SCt 2168 United States Supreme Court United States 25 Jun 1998 WorldLII flag 59
Arkansas Educ Television Comm'n v Forbes 523 US 666; 140 L Ed 2d 875; 118 SCt 1633 United States Supreme Court United States 18 May 1998 WorldLII flag 79
New York Magazine Division of Primedia Magazines Inc v Metropolitan Transportation Authority 136 F3d 123; 26 Media LRep 1301 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 22 Jan 1998 WorldLII flag 19
"Reopening the Public Forum-From Sidewalks to Cyberspace" (1998) 58 Ohio State Law Journal 1535 Ohio State Law Journal United States circa 1998 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
Berner v Delahanty 129 F3d 20 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 28 Oct 1997 WorldLII flag 15
Reno v ACLU 521 US 844; 138 L Ed 2d 874; 117 SCt 2329 United States Supreme Court United States 26 Jun 1997 WorldLII flag 151
Tucker v California Department of Education 97 F3d 1204 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 4 Oct 1996 WorldLII flag 18
Krauel v Iowa Methodist Med Ctr 95 F3d 674; 22 Idaho 23 United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit United States 11 Sep 1996 WorldLII flag 83
Liquormart, Inc v Rhode Island 517 US 484; 134 L Ed 2d 711; 116 SCt 1495 United States Supreme Court United States 13 May 1996 WorldLII flag 94
Capitol Square Review & Advisory Bd v Pinette 515 US 753; 132 L Ed 2d 650; 115 SCt 2440 United States Supreme Court United States 29 Jun 1995 WorldLII flag 111
Rosenberger v Rector and Visitors of Univ of Va 515 US 819; 132 L Ed 2d 700; 115 SCt 2510; 101 Ed Law Rep 552 United States Supreme Court United States 29 Jun 1995 WorldLII flag 245
Lamb's Chapel v Center Moriches Union Free School District 508 US 384; 83 Ed Law Rep 30; 124 L Ed 2d 352; 113 SCt 2141 United States Supreme Court United States 7 Jun 1993 WorldLII flag 153
International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc v Lee 505 US 672; 120 L Ed 2d 541; 112 SCt 2701 United States Supreme Court United States 26 Jun 1992 WorldLII flag 122
[1992] Supreme Court Review 79 [1992] Supreme Court Review 79 Supreme Court Review United States circa 1992 flag 2
Fund for Community Progress Inc v J Kane 943 F2d 137 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 3 Sep 1991 WorldLII flag 2
Rust v Sullivan 500 US 173; 114 L Ed 2d 233; 111 SCt 1759 United States Supreme Court United States 23 May 1991 WorldLII flag 269
United States v Kokinda 497 US 720; 111 L Ed 2d 571; 110 SCt 3115 United States Supreme Court United States 27 Jun 1990 WorldLII flag 122
Ward v Rock Against Racism 491 US 781; 105 L Ed 2d 661; 109 SCt 2746 United States Supreme Court United States 30 Aug 1989 WorldLII flag 387
Deeper Life Christian Fellowship Inc v Board of Education of City of New York 852 F2d 676; 48 Ed Law Rep 117 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 21 Jul 1988 WorldLII flag 14
Cornelius v NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc 473 US 788; 87 L Ed 2d 567; 105 SCt 3439; [1985] Idaho 105 United States Supreme Court United States - Idaho 2 Jul 1985 WorldLII flag 287
Lynch v Donnelly 465 US 668; 79 L Ed 2d 604; 104 SCt 1355; 52 USLW 4317 United States Supreme Court United States 5 Mar 1984 WorldLII flag 245
Perry Educ Ass'n v Perry Local Educators' Ass'n 460 US 37; 74 L Ed 2d 794; 103 SCt 948 United States Supreme Court United States 23 Feb 1983 WorldLII flag 471
United States Postal Service v Council of Greenburgh Civic Associations 453 US 114; 69 L Ed 2d 517; 101 SCt 2676 United States Supreme Court United States 25 Jun 1981 WorldLII flag 109
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation v Public Service Commission 447 US 557; 65 L Ed 2d 341; 100 SCt 2343 United States Supreme Court United States 20 Jun 1980 WorldLII flag 344
Carey v Brown 447 US 455; 65 L Ed 2d 263; 100 SCt 2286 United States Supreme Court United States 20 Jun 1980 WorldLII flag 189
Greer v Spock 424 US 828; 47 L Ed 2d 505; 96 SCt 1211 United States Supreme Court United States 24 Mar 1976 WorldLII flag 176
"Fora Americana: Speech in Public Places" [1974] Supreme Court Review 233 Supreme Court Review United States circa 1974 flag 16
Police Department of Chicago v Mosley 408 US 92; 33 L Ed 2d 212; 92 SCt 2286 United States Supreme Court United States 26 Jun 1972 WorldLII flag 321
Grayned v City of Rockford 408 US 104; 33 L Ed 2d 222; 92 SCt 2294 United States Supreme Court United States 26 Jun 1972 WorldLII flag 625
"The Supreme Court 1971 Term -- Foreword: In Search of Evolving Doctrine on a Changing Court: A Model for a Newer Equal Protection" 86 Harvard Law Review 1 Harvard Law Review United States circa 1971 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 83
Brandenburg v Ohio 395 US 444; 89 SCt 1827; 23 L Ed 2; 23 L Ed 2d 430 United States Supreme Court United States 9 Jun 1969 WorldLII flag 288
"The Concept of the Public Forum: Cox v Louisiana" [1965] Supreme Court Review 1 Supreme Court Review United States circa 1965 flag 42
Baggett v Bullitt 377 US 360; 12 L Ed 377; 12 L Ed 2d 377; 84 SCt 1316 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Jun 1964 WorldLII flag 238
Jamison v Texas 318 US 413; 87 L Ed 869; 63 SCt 669 United States Supreme Court United States 8 Mar 1943 WorldLII flag 74
Hague v CIO 307 US 496; 83 L Ed 1423; 59 SCt 954; 83 L Ed 2d 1423 United States Supreme Court United States 5 Jun 1939 WorldLII flag 524
Schenck v United States 249 US 47; 63 L Ed 470; 39 SCt 247 United States Supreme Court United States 3 Mar 1919 WorldLII flag 225
Paquete Habana 425 F3d 367; 20 SCt 290; 92 Idaho 93 United States Supreme Court United States 8 Jan 1900 WorldLII flag 114
Davis v Massachusetts 167 US 43; 42 L Ed 71; 17 SCt 731 United States Supreme Court United States 10 May 1897 WorldLII flag 21
Del Gallo v Parent 557 F3d 58 United States Westlaw flag 1
Legal Services Corporation v Velazquez 531 US 533; 149 L Ed 2d 63; 121 SCt 1043 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1965 Westlaw flag 44
Arizona Life Coalition Inc v Stanton 515 F3d 956 United States Westlaw flag 4
Child Evangelism Fellowship of Md , Inc v Montgomery County Pub Schs 457 F3d 376 United States Westlaw flag 4
Justice for All v Faulkner 410 F3d 760 United States Westlaw flag 4
Dennis v United States 341 US 494 United States Supreme Court United States Westlaw flag 424
"Freedom of Speech, Permissible Tailoring and Transcending Strict Scrutiny" 144 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 2417 University of Pennsylvania Law Review United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 6
Pleasant Grove City v Summum 129 SCt 1125 United States Westlaw flag 9
Ambiguity" of the Designated and Ltd Public Fora 107 Dickinson Law Review 639 Dickinson Law Review United States HeinOnline flag 1
78 Iowa Law Review 143 78 Iowa Law Review 143 Iowa Law Review United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
UST, Inc v United States 74 Idaho 75; 648 FSupp 1 United States - Idaho Westlaw flag 41
"Misleading Nature of Public Forum Analysis: Content and Context in First Amendment Adjudication, The" 70 Virginia Law Review 1219 Virginia Law Review United States LexisNexis flag 12
National Ass'n of Social Workers v Harwood 69 F3d 622 United States Westlaw flag 25
66 Idaho 67 66 Idaho 67 United States - Idaho flag 36
"Fatal in Theory and Strict in Fact: An Empirical Analysis of Strict Scrutiny in the Federal Courts" 59 Vanderbilt Law Review 793 Vanderbilt Law Review United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 7
Commonwealth v Davis 39 NE 113; 162 Mass 510; 26 LRA 712; 44 Am St Rep 389 United States - Massachusetts flag 9
28 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 533 28 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 533 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
Viewpoint Discrimination 24 Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 99 Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 6
20 University of Richmond Law Review 499 20 University of Richmond Law Review 499 University of Richmond Law Review United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
43 University of California at Los Angeles Law Review 1781
Robert C Post, Between Governance and Management: The History and Theory of the Public Forum 34 University of California at Los Angeles Law Review 1713
54 University of California at Los Angeles Law Review 1267

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