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"Judging the Judges: Are They Adopting the Rights Approach in Matters Involving Children?"   flag 

[2009] UMelbLRS 27
Tobin, John
University of Melbourne Law School Research Series
Australia

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name Provision
Human Rights Act 2004 (ACT) s11, s19, s22
Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) s4, s60CA, s60CC, s68L, s68LA
Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 (Vic)
Human Rights Act 1998

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
R (on the application of Pounder) v HM Coroner for the North and South Districts of Durham and Darlington [2009] EWHC Admin 76; [2009] EWHC 76 (Admin); [2009] 3 All ER 150; [2008] All ER (D) 159 High Court of England and Wales United Kingdom - England and Wales 22 Jan 2009 BAILII flag 5
"Public International Law and the Regulation of Private Spaces: Does The Convention on the Rights of the Child Impose an Obligation on States to Allow Gay and Lesbian Couples to Adopt?" (2009) 23 International Journal of Law Policy and the Family 110 International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family United Kingdom circa 2009 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 2
"Balancing a Child’s Best Interests and a Child’s Views" (2009) 17 International Journal of Childrens Rights 1 International Journal of Children's Rights Netherlands circa 2009 HeinOnline flag 1
"Right to a Fair Trial: Young Offenders and the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities, The" (2008-2009) 20 Current Issues in Criminal Justice 173 Current Issues in Criminal Justice Australia circa 2009 HeinOnline flag 2
R (C (a minor)) v Secretary of State for Justice [2008] EWCA Civ 882; [2009] QB 657; [2009] 2 WLR 1039; [2008] All ER (D) 316; [2009] UKHRR 688 England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division United Kingdom - England and Wales 28 Jul 2008 BAILII flag 50
"A Slower Form of Death: Implications of Roper v Simmons for Juveniles Sentenced to Life Without Parole" (2008) 22 Notre Dame Journal of Law Ethics & Public Policy 9 Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy United States circa 2008 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
(2008) 12 WWR 102 (2008) 12 WWR 102 Canada circa 2008 flag 2
"Lawrence v Texas and Roper v Simmons: Enriching Constitutional Interpretation with International Law" (2008) 22 St Johns Journal of Legal Commentary 685 St. John's Journal of Legal Commentary United States circa 2008 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
E v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2008] UKHL 66; [2009] 1 AC 536; [2009] 1 All ER 467; [2008] All ER (D) 114; (2008) 25 BHRC 720; [2009] UKHRR 277; [2009] HRLR 8; [2008] 3 WLR 1208 House of Lords United Kingdom circa 2008 BAILII flag 54
"Religious Freedom and Multiculturalism: R (Shabina Begum) v Denbigh High School" (2008) 19 Kings Law Journal 377 King's Law Journal United Kingdom circa 2008 flag 1
"2 + 2 = 5? Exploring the Domestication of the Crc in South African Jurisprudence (2002-2006)" (2008) 16 International Journal of Childrens Rights 1 International Journal of Children's Rights Netherlands circa 2008 HeinOnline flag 1
Mubilanzila Mayeka and Kaniki Mitunga v Belgium (2008) 46 EHRR 449 European Court of Human Rights Europe circa 2008 flag 14
"Introduction By Special Guest Editor" (2008) 46 Family Court Review 37 Family Court Review United States circa 2008 flag 2
S v M (Centre for Child Law as Amicus Curiae) [2007] ZACC 18; 2008 3 SA 232; 2007 2 SACR 539 Constitutional Court of South Africa South Africa 26 Sep 2007 SAFLII flag 254
F & H (children), Re [2007] EWCA Civ 880 England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division United Kingdom - England and Wales 24 Aug 2007 BAILII flag 2
"Protecting Innocence - Deconstructing Legal Regulation of Child Sexuality" (2007) 27 Australian Feminist Law Journal 51 Australian Feminist Law Journal Australia circa 2007 HeinOnline flag 2
"Faith In The Courts: Religious Dress And Human Rights" (2007) 66 Cambridge Law Journal 657 Cambridge Law Journal United Kingdom circa 2007 flag 2
"Why It Remains Important to Take Children's Rights Seriously" (2007) 15 International Journal of Childrens Rights 5 International Journal of Children's Rights Netherlands circa 2007 HeinOnline flag 1
"The Nicaragua and Tadi Tests Revisited in Light of the ICJ Judgment on Genocide in Bosnia" (2007) 18 European Journal of International Law 649 European Journal of International Law United Kingdom circa 2007 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 6
"What Responsibility Do Courts Have to Hear Children's Voices?" (2007) 15 International Journal of Childrens Rights 43 International Journal of Children's Rights Netherlands circa 2007 HeinOnline flag 2
R (on the application of Begum) v Governors of Denbigh High School [2006] UKHL 15; [2007] 1 AC 100; [2006] 2 All ER 487; [2006] 2 WLR 719; [2006] All ER (D) 329; (2006) 23 BHRC 276; [2006] UKHRR 708; [2006] HRLR 21 House of Lords United Kingdom 22 Mar 2006 BAILII flag 270
Osman v United Kingdom (1998) 29 EHRR 196; (2006) 46 EHRR 449 European Court of Human Rights Europe circa 2006 flag 1
"Rewriting the competency rules for children: Full recognition of the young person as rights-bearer" (2006) 14 Journal of Law and Medicine 64 Journal of Law and Medicine Australia circa 2006 Legal Online flag 3
Multani v Commission Scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys [2006] 1 SCR 256; [2006] SCC 6 circa 2006 25
"Accommodating Children's Rights in a Post Human Rights Act Era" (2006) 69 Modern Law Review 299 Modern Law Review United Kingdom circa 2006 HeinOnline flag 2
"Deciding for Children" (2006) 7 Australian Journal of Professional and Applied Ethics 66 Australian Journal of Professional and Applied Ethics Australia circa 2006 flag 2
Rosen v Havenga (6850/03) [2005] ZAWCHC 54; 2005 6 SA 535; [2006] 4 All SA 199 High Court of South Africa - Western Cape Division South Africa 29 Jul 2005 SAFLII flag 5
R (R) v Durham Constabulary [2005] UKHL 21; [2005] 2 All ER 369; [2005] 1 WLR 1184; [2005] All ER (D) 278; [2006] Crim LR 87 House of Lords United Kingdom 17 Mar 2005 BAILII flag 33
Roper v Simmons 543 US 551; 125 SCt 1183; 161 L Ed 2d 1 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Mar 2005 WorldLII flag 139
R (Williamson) v Secretary of State for Education and Employment [2005] UKHL 15; [2005] 2 AC 246; [2005] 2 All ER 1; [2005] 2 WLR 590; [2005] ELR 291 House of Lords United Kingdom 24 Feb 2005 BAILII flag 112
"The relevance of foreign legal materials in US constitutional cases: A conversation between Justice Antonin Scalia and Justice Stephen Breyer" (2005) 3 International Journal of Constitutional Law 519 International Journal of Constitutional Law United Kingdom circa 2005 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 8
"Rethinking Gillick" (2005) 13 International Journal of Childrens Rights 201 International Journal of Children's Rights Netherlands circa 2005 HeinOnline flag 1
(2005) 7 Australian Journal of Professional and Applied Ethics 31 (2005) 7 Australian Journal of Professional and Applied Ethics 31 Australian Journal of Professional and Applied Ethics Australia circa 2005 flag 2
Seen and Heard: The Constitutional Recognition of Children's Rights' (2005) 21 South African Journal on Human Rights 86 South African Journal on Human Rights South Africa circa 2005 HeinOnline flag 2
"Best Interests of the Child and Parental Separation: On the Civilizing of Parents', The" (2005) 68 Modern Law Review 25 Modern Law Review United Kingdom circa 2005 HeinOnline flag 5
Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs v B [2004] HCA 20; (2004) 219 CLR 365; [2004] FLC 93-174; 206 ALR 130; (2004) 78 ALJR 737; 31 Fam LR 339; 77 ALD 640 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 29 Apr 2004 AustLII flag 203
Re Alex [2004] FamCA 297; 180 FLR 89; [2004] FLC 93-175; (2004) 31 Fam LR 503 Family Court of Australia Australia 13 Apr 2004 AustLII flag 65
Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law v Canada (Attorney General) [2004] 1 SCR 76; [2004] SCC 4; [2004] SCJ No 6 Supreme Court of Canada Canada 30 Jan 2004 Supreme Court of Canada flag 23
Ramos v Town of Vernon 353 F3d 171 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 22 Jan 2004 WorldLII flag 7
Rights: Are the Courts Now Taking Them More Seriously?' (2004) 15 Kings College Law Journal 253 King's College Law Journal United Kingdom circa 2004 HeinOnline flag 1
Re Woolley; Ex parte Applicants M276/2003 [2004] HCA 49; (2004) 225 CLR 1; (2004) 210 ALR 369; 79 ALJR 43; 32 Fam LR 180; 80 ALD 1 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 2004 AustLII flag 179
B and B and Minister for Immigration & Multicultural & Indigenous Affairs [2003] FamCA 451; (2003) 199 ALR 604; (2003) 173 FLR 360; [2003] FLC 93-141; (2003) 30 Fam LR 181; 75 ALD 64 Family Court of Australia Australia 19 Jun 2003 AustLII flag 56
Soller v G 2003 5 SA 430 South Africa circa 2003 LexisNexis flag 18
Oystertec PLC v Edward Evans Barker [2002] EWCA Civ 1926; [2003] QB 1300; (2002) 56 IPR 338; [2002] All ER (D) 192; [2003] ELR 176 England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division United Kingdom - England and Wales 12 Dec 2002 BAILII flag 24
Du Toit v Minister of Welfare and Population Development [2002] ZACC 20; 2003 2 SA 198 Constitutional Court of South Africa South Africa 10 Sep 2002 SAFLII flag 50
(2002) 10 International Journal of Childrens Rights 137 (2002) 10 International Journal of Childrens Rights 137 International Journal of Children's Rights Netherlands circa 2002 HeinOnline flag 1
Future of Children's Rights' (2000) 14 Children and Society 277 Children and Society circa 2000 2
(2000) 2173 Unts 222 (2000) 2173 UNTS 222 International circa 2000 flag 9
"Mature Minors Should Have the Right to Refuse Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment" (2000) 28 Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics 109 Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics United States circa 2000 flag 3
v v United Kingdom [1999] ECHR 171; (1999) 30 EHRR 121 European Court of Human Rights Europe 16 Dec 1999 BAILII flag 111
Baker v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) (1999) 174 DLR (4th) 193; [1999] 2 SCR 817 Supreme Court of Canada Canada 9 Jul 1999 Supreme Court of Canada flag 119
"Rights brought Home for Children" (1999) 62 Modern Law Review 350 Modern Law Review United Kingdom circa 1999 HeinOnline flag 2
(1999) 2 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 1 (1999) 2 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 1 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law United States circa 1999 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"The Infantilisation of the South and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child" (1998) 3 (2) Human Rights Law Review 3 Human Rights Law Review United Kingdom circa 1998 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 2
"Emerging limitations on the rights of the child: the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and its early case law" (1998) 30 Columbia Human Rights Law Review 159 Columbia Human Rights Law Review United States circa 1998 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 3
Raninen v Finland [1997] ECHR 102; (1998) 26 EHRR 563; [1998] HRCD 170 European Court of Human Rights Europe 16 Dec 1997 BAILII flag 52
"Coercion or caring: analysing adolescent autonomy" (1996) 16 Legal Studies 84 Legal Studies United Kingdom circa 1996 Wiley ScienceDirect flag 4
"Abandoning Children to their Autonomy: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child " (1996) 37 Harvard International Law Journal 449 Harvard International Law Journal United States circa 1996 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 5
Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs v Teoh [1995] HCA 20; (1995) 183 CLR 273; (1995) 128 ALR 353; (1995) 69 ALJR 423; (1995) 39 ALD 206; [1995] EOC 92-696; [1996] 1 CHRLD 67; (1995) 7 Leg Rep 18 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 7 Apr 1995 AustLII flag 1847
"Whither Children: Protection, Participation, Autonomy?" (1994) 22 Manitoba Law Journal 307 Manitoba Law Journal Canada circa 1994 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
Re a [1993] FamCA 68; [1993] FLC 92-402; (1993) 16 Fam LR 715 Family Court of Australia Australia 30 Jun 1993 AustLII flag 20
Rodriguez v British Columbia (Attorney General) [1993] 3 SCR 519; 107 DLR (4th) 342 Supreme Court of Canada Canada circa 1993 flag 46
Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services v JWB and SMB [1992] HCA 15; (1992) 175 CLR 218; [1992] FLC 92-293; (1992) 106 ALR 385; (1992) 15 Fam LR 392; 66 ALJR 300 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 6 May 1992 AustLII flag 783
"Taking Children's Rights More Seriously," (1992) 6 International Journal of Law & the Family 52 International Journal of Law & the Family circa 1992 4
Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) 1577 UNTS 3 International circa 1989 flag 525
"s Rights Seriously" (1987) 1 Children and Society 299 Children and Society circa 1987 2
JSC v Wren (1986) 35 DLR (4th) 419 Canada circa 1986 flag 1
"Emergence of Children's Rights, The" (1986) 6 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 161 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies United Kingdom circa 1986 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 9
Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority [1985] UKHL 7; [1986] AC 112; [1985] 3 All ER 402; [1985] 3 WLR 830 House of Lords United Kingdom 17 Oct 1985 BAILII flag 508
Agent Orange) and other (1977) 1125 UNTS 3 International circa 1977 flag 173
(1977) 1125 Unts 611 (1977) 1125 UNTS 611 International circa 1977 flag 2
Planned Parenthood of Central Missouri v Danforth 428 US 52; 49 L Ed 2d 788; 96 SCt 2831; [1976] Gault 387 United States Supreme Court United States - Georgia 1 Jul 1976 WorldLII flag 154
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969) 1155 UNTS 331 International circa 1969 flag 536
S v Zinn 1969 2 SA 537; [1969] 3 All SA 57 South Africa circa 1969 LexisNexis flag 537
Re Gault 387 US 1; 18 L Ed 2d 527; 87 SCt 1428 United States Supreme Court United States 15 May 1967 WorldLII flag 398
Brown v Board of Education 347 US 483; 38 ALR 2d 1180; 98 L Ed 2d 873; [1954] Idaho 349; 98 L Ed 873; 74 SCt 686 United States Supreme Court United States 17 May 1954 WorldLII flag 1034
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (1950) 213 UNTS 221 International circa 1950 flag 363
Re Agar-Ellis, Agar-Ellis v Lascelles [1883] UKLawRpCh 194; 24 Ch D 317; 53 LJCh 10; 50 LT 161; 32 WR 1 Court of Chancery United Kingdom 24 Jul 1883 CommonLII flag 55
Tinker v Des Moines Independent Community School District 393 US 503; 21 L Ed 2d 731; 21 L Ed 2d 7 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1976 Westlaw flag 560

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