Scaffidi v Montevento Holdings Pty Ltd 48

[2011] WASCA 146

Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal

Australia - Western Australia

7th July, 2011

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text	Citation Index
King As Bankruptcy Trustee of Jose Fernandas De Silva v De Silva	[2024] WASC 367	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	8 Oct 2024	AustLII
Brougham v Edwards	[2024] SASCA 59	Supreme Court of South Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - South Australia	10 May 2024	AustLII	3
Karri Country Produce Pty Ltd As Trustee for the Franceschi Trust v Advance Packing & Marketing Services Pty Ltd As Trustee for the Apms Unit Trust [No 3]	[2024] WASC 151	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	1 May 2024	AustLII	1
Cardaci v Cardaci	[2023] WASCA 158	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	9 Nov 2023	AustLII	5
Legler v Formannoij	[2023] NZSCTrans 14		New Zealand	10 Oct 2023	NZLII
Timeless Sunrise Pty Ltd v BigJ Enterprises Pty Ltd (No 10)	[2023] VSC 524	Supreme Court of Victoria	Australia - Victoria	4 Sep 2023	AustLII	3
Wei & Xia (No 5)	[2023] FedCFamC1F 679; (2023) 67 Fam LR 421	Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia - Division 1 First Instance	Australia - Commonwealth	16 Aug 2023	AustLII	17
Song v South Beach Management Pty Ltd As Trustee for the South Beach Two Development Trust [No 4]	[2023] WASC 298	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	8 Aug 2023	AustLII	1
Priolo v Nguyen [No 2]	[2023] WASC 219	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	20 Jun 2023	AustLII
Bernard Henricus Lamers as trustee for the Ben and Debra Lamers Family Trust v Arvind Pty Ltd [No 3]	[2023] WASC 30	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	14 Jun 2023	AustLII
Legler v Formannoij	[2022] NZCA 607	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	7 Dec 2022	NZLII	2
Wheatland Holdings Pty Ltd As Trustee for the Rodney Manuel Family Trust	[2022] WASC 211	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	24 Jun 2022	AustLII
Porter & Porter	[2022] FedCFamC1F 102	Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia - Division 1 First Instance	Australia - Commonwealth	3 Mar 2022	AustLII	6
Cardaci v Filippo Primo Cardaci (as executor(s) of estate of Marco Antonio Cardaci [No 5])	[2021] WASC 331	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	23 Dec 2021	AustLII	13
Montevento Holdings Pty Ltd v Central City Pty Ltd	[2021] WASC 154	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	30 Nov 2021	AustLII	1
Wilson v Indigenous Services Pty Ltd [No 2]	[2021] WASC 338	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	19 Nov 2021	AustLII
Legler v Formannoij	[2021] NZHC 1271; (2021) 5 NZTR 31-006	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	2 Jun 2021	NZLII	6
Dovgan & Dovgan	[2021] FamCA 306	Family Court of Australia	Australia	14 May 2021	AustLII	67
Baba v Sheehan	[2021] NSWCA 58; (2021) 151 ACSR 462	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	15 Apr 2021	AustLII	12
Re Reserve Hotels Pty Ltd	[2021] NSWSC 376	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	14 Apr 2021	AustLII	6
Mineralogy Pty Ltd v Sino Iron Pty Ltd	[2021] WASC 45	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	24 Feb 2021	AustLII	6
Re Owies Family Trust	[2020] VSC 716	Supreme Court of Victoria	Australia - Victoria	28 Oct 2020	AustLII	8
P and D Panizza Family Trust	[2019] WASC 344	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	23 Sep 2019	AustLII
Blenkinsop Family Trust v Blenkinsop	[2018] WASC 369	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	8 May 2019	AustLII	3
Ying Mui Pty Ltd v Hoh (No 6)	[2017] VSC 730	Supreme Court of Victoria	Australia - Victoria	15 Dec 2017	AustLII	11
Abbott Trustee Services Pty Ltd As Trustee for the Kariyarra People's Trust v Attorney General of Western Australia	[2017] WASC 117	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	24 Jul 2017	AustLII	1
Goldie v Campbell	[2017] NZHC 1692; [2017] NZFLR 529	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	21 Jul 2017	NZLII	6
Blenkinsop v Herbert	[2017] WASCA 87; (2017) 51 WAR 264	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	8 Jun 2017	AustLII	13
Australian Conservation Services Pty Ltd v Liladel Holdings Pty Ltd	[2017] ACTSC 162; (2017) 12 ACTLR 124; (2017) 319 FLR 401	Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory	Australia - Australian Capital Territory	21 Apr 2017	AustLII	10
Mercanti v Mercanti	[2015] WASC 297	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	18 Jan 2017	AustLII	16
Mercanti v Mercanti	[2016] WASCA 206; (2016) 50 WAR 495; (2016) 340 ALR 290; (2016) 117 ACSR 222; (2016) 117 ASCR 222	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	22 Dec 2016	AustLII	46
Blenkinsop v Jeffrey Laurence Herbert As Trustee for the Blenkinsop Family Trust [No 2]	[2016] WASC 61	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	7 Oct 2016	AustLII	2
Simmons v Love (No 2)	[2016] WASC 167	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	7 Jun 2016	AustLII	8
Hancock v Rinehart (Costs)	[2016] NSWSC 11	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	2 Feb 2016	AustLII	14
Mercanti v Mercanti	[2015] WASCA 206	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	9 Oct 2015	AustLII	9
[2015] HKCFI 198 (16 February 2015)	[2015] HKCFI 198	Hong Kong Court of First Instance	Hong Kong	16 Feb 2015	HKLII
Horwood v Davenport	[2014] WASC 436	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	26 Nov 2014	AustLII	6
Harre v Clark	[2014] NZHC 2533	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	16 Oct 2014	NZLII	9
Ngarluma Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC v the Attorney General of Western Australia	[2014] WASC 245	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	16 Jul 2014	AustLII	7
Re the Palermo Unit Trust; Ex Parte Philip Milton Rundell (As Trustee for Various Trusts)	[2014] WASC 69	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	30 Jun 2014	AustLII	6
Schuhmacher v Emmerson	[2013] QSC 205	Supreme Court of Queensland	Australia - Queensland	13 Aug 2013	AustLII	6
Abrugiato v Hans Peter Hansen As Executor of the Estate of Sebastiana Abrugiato [No 2]	[2013] WASC 119	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	9 Apr 2013	AustLII	2
McLeary v Swift	[2013] NSWSC 216	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	22 Mar 2013	AustLII	3
Montevento Holdings Pty Ltd v Scaffidi	[2012] HCA 48; (2012) 246 CLR 325; (2012) 292 ALR 633; (2012) 87 ALJR 15	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	7 Nov 2012	AustLII	28
Rinehart v Welker	[2012] NSWCA 95; (2012) 95 NSWLR 221	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	20 Apr 2012	AustLII	82
Northwest Capital Management v Westate Capital Ltd	[2012] WASC 121; (2012) 264 FLR 424	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	5 Apr 2012	AustLII	20
McMillan Investments Holdings Pty Ltd v North Coast Beach Property Pty Ltd	[2011] NSWSC 1363	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	17 Nov 2011	AustLII
Re Centro Retail Ltd	[2011] NSWSC 1175; (2011) 255 FLR 28	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	5 Oct 2011	AustLII	7

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name	Provision
Estate Duty Assessment Act 1914 (Cth)
First Corporate Law Simplification Act 1995 (Cth)
Stamp Duties Act 1920 (NSW)
Supreme Court Act 1935 (WA)
Trustees Act 1962 (WA)	s77
Death Duty Assessment Act 1973 (WA)	s10

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text	Citation Index
Bowen v Alsanto Nominees Pty Ltd	[2011] WASCA 39	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	23 Feb 2011	AustLII	56
Montevento Holdings Pty Ltd v Scaffidi Holdings Pty Ltd (No 2)	[2010] WASC 180	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	23 Jul 2010	AustLII	8
Public Trustee) v Scaffidi Holdings Pty Ltd	[2010] WASC 29	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	18 Feb 2010	AustLII	6
Macedonian Orthodox Community Church St Petka Inc v His Eminence Petar The Diocesan Bishop of Macedonian Orthodox Diocese of Australia and New Zealand	[2008] HCA 42; (2008) 237 CLR 66; (2008) 249 ALR 250; (2008) 82 ALJR 1425	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	4 Sep 2008	AustLII	588
Elovalis v Elovalis	[2008] WASCA 141	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	4 Jul 2008	AustLII	48
Public Trustee v Smith	[2008] NSWSC 397	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	5 May 2008	AustLII	47
Amaca Pty Ltd (formerly James Hardie & Co Pty Ltd) v Hannell	[2007] WASCA 158; (2007) 34 WAR 109; [2007] Aust Torts Reports 81-903	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	2 Aug 2007	AustLII	126
Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Carey (No 6)	[2006] FCA 814; (2006) 153 FCR 509; 233 ALR 475; (2006) 58 ACSR 141; 24 ACLC 814; 63 ATR 524	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	29 Jun 2006	AustLII	88
Sons of Gwalia Ltd v Margaretic	[2006] FCAFC 92; (2006) 232 ALR 119	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	15 Jun 2006	AustLII	33
Smith v Smith	[2006] WASC 166	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	30 May 2006	AustLII	10
Stanley v Layne Christensen Co	[2006] WASCA 56	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	5 Apr 2006	AustLII	59
CPT Custodian Pty Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue	[2005] HCA 53; (2005) 224 CLR 98; (2005) 221 ALR 196; (2005) 79 ALJR 1724; (2005) 60 ATR 371	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	28 Sep 2005	AustLII	238
Toll (FGCT) Pty Ltd v Alphapharm Pty Ltd	[2004] HCA 52; 211 ALR 342; (2004) 79 ALJR 129; (2004) 1 BFRA 280; [2005] Aust Contract Reports 90-204; (2004) 219 CLR 165	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Nov 2004	AustLII	966
Kuligowski v Metrobus	[2004] HCA 34; (2004) 220 CLR 363; (2004) 208 ALR 1; 78 ALJR 1031	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	3 Aug 2004	AustLII	424
Saul v Lin (No 2)	[2004] NSWSC 332; (2004) 60 NSWLR 275	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	23 Apr 2004	AustLII	11
Schmidt v Rosewood Trust Ltd	[2003] UKPC 26; [2003] 2 AC 709; [2003] 3 All ER 76; [2003] 2 WLR 1442; [2003] All ER (D) 442	Privy Council	United Kingdom	27 Mar 2003	BAILII	171
Vagliviello v Vagliviello	[2003] WASC 61	Supreme Court of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	26 Mar 2003	AustLII	8
(2003) 130 FCR 12	(2003) 130 FCR 12	Federal Court of Australia	Australia	circa 2003	Legal Online / Westlaw	43
Murdocca v Murdocca (No 2)	[2002] NSWSC 505	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	25 Jun 2002	AustLII	69
Doric Products Pty Ltd v Lockwood Security Products Pty Ltd	[2002] FCA 282; (2002) 54 IPR 495	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	19 Mar 2002	AustLII	59
Nick Kritharas Holdings Pty Ltd (In Liq) v Gatsios Holdings Pty Ltd	[2001] NSWSC 343; (2001) 38 ACSR 57	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	3 May 2001	AustLII	12
Pope v DPR Nominees Pty Ltd	[1999] SASC 337; (1999) 74 SASR 78	Supreme Court of South Australia	Australia - South Australia	13 Aug 1999	AustLII	26
NRMA Ltd v Morgan (No 3)	[1999] NSWSC 768	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	4 Aug 1999	AustLII	88
Esso Australia Ltd v Australian Petroleum Agents & Distributors Association	[1999] 3 VR 642		Australia - Victoria	circa 1999	LexisNexis AU	35
Oshlack v Richmond River Council	[1998] HCA 11; (1998) 193 CLR 72; (1998) 152 ALR 83; (1998) 72 ALJR 578; (1998) 96 LGERA 173; [1998] 4 Leg Rep 18	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	25 Feb 1998	AustLII	3665
Armitage v Nurse	[1998] Ch 241	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1998	LexisNexis / Westlaw	292
Maguire v Makaronis	[1997] HCA 23; (1997) 188 CLR 449; (1997) 144 ALR 729; (1997) 71 ALJR 781	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	25 Jun 1997	AustLII	562
Alsop Wilkinson (a firm) v Neary	[1995] 1 All ER 431; [1996] 1 WLR 1220		United Kingdom	circa 1995	LexisNexis	146
McDonald v Horn	[1995] 1 All ER 961; [1995] ICR 685		United Kingdom	circa 1995	LexisNexis	102
Re Burton; Wily v Burton	[1994] FCA 1146; (1994) 126 ALR 557	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	7 Jun 1994	AustLII	29
R & I Bank of Western Australia Ltd v Anchorage Investments Pty Ltd	(1993) 10 WAR 59		Australia - Western Australia	circa 1993	LexisNexis AU	58
Nicholls v Louisville Investments Pty Ltd	(1991) 10 ACSR 723		Australia	circa 1991	LexisNexis AU	9
Davidson and Davidson	[1990] FamCA 187; (1990) 101 FLR 373; [1991] FLC 92-197; (1990) 14 Fam LR 817	Family Court of Australia	Australia	21 Dec 1990	AustLII	49
Kearns v Hill	(1990) 21 NSWLR 107		Australia - New South Wales	circa 1990	LexisNexis AU	60
Marriage of Goodwin	[1990] FLC 92-192; (1990) 101 FLR 386		Australia	circa 1990	IntelliConnect	2
Global Funds Management (NSW) Ltd v Burns Philp Trustee Co Ltd (in prov liq)	(1990) 3 ACSR 183		Australia	circa 1990	LexisNexis AU	25
Nikolaou v Papasavas, Phillips & Co	[1989] HCA 11; (1989) 166 CLR 394; 84 ALR 174; 63 ALJR 297	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	10 Feb 1989	AustLII	140
Watson v Ralph	[1982] HCA 35; (1982) 148 CLR 646; 41 ALR 270; 56 ALJR 612	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	8 Jun 1982	AustLII	25
Louinder v Leis	[1982] HCA 28; (1982) 149 CLR 509; 41 ALR 187; 56 ALJR 433	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 May 1982	AustLII	111
Port of Melbourne Authority v Anshun Pty Ltd	[1981] HCA 45; (1981) 147 CLR 589; (1981) 36 ALR 3; (1981) 55 ALJR 621	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	1 Sep 1981	AustLII	2520
Re Hay's Settlement Trusts	[1981] 3 All ER 786; [1982] 1 WLR 202		United Kingdom	circa 1981	LexisNexis	47
"A Comparative Analysis of Estate Planning Vehicles"	(1977-78) 12 Taxation in Australia 222	Taxation in Australia	Australia	circa 1977		2
(1975-76) 10 Taxation in Australia 674	(1975-76) 10 Taxation in Australia 674	Taxation in Australia	Australia	circa 1975		2
"Problems in Discretionary Trusts - What? Why? and How?"	(1975-76) 10 Taxation in Australia 662	Taxation in Australia	Australia	circa 1975		2
"Some Problems with Discretionary Trusts"	(1974-75) 9 Taxation in Australia 415	Taxation in Australia	Australia	circa 1974		2
Re Manisty's Settlement	[1974] Ch 17; [1973] 2 All ER 1203; [1973] 3 WLR 341	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1974	LexisNexis / Westlaw	50
"The Discretionary Trust - Some Practical Implications"	(1974-75) 9 Taxation in Australia 586	Taxation in Australia	Australia	circa 1974		2
Australian Broadcasting Commission v Australasian Performing Right Association Ltd	[1973] HCA 36; (1973) 129 CLR 99; (1973) 47 ALJR 526	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	14 Sep 1973	AustLII	1116
Re Patton	(1971) 19 DLR (3d) 497		Canada	circa 1971		5
Thompson v Commissioner of Stamp Duties	[1969] 1 AC 320		United Kingdom	circa 1969	LexisNexis / Westlaw	17
Fowler v Neild	(1961) 61 SR (NSW) 152; 77 WN (NSW) 822; [1961] NSWR 85	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	circa 1961		5
Re Triffitt's Settlement	[1958] Ch 852	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1958	LexisNexis / Westlaw	14
Re Power s Settlement Trusts	[1951] Ch 1074; [1951] 2 All ER 513	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1951	LexisNexis / Westlaw	6
Tatham v Huxtable	[1950] HCA 56; (1950) 81 CLR 639; [1951] ALR 1	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Dec 1950	AustLII	68
Re Brockbank	[1948] Ch 206; [1948] 1 All ER 287	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1948	LexisNexis / Westlaw	52
Miller v Cameron	[1936] HCA 13; (1936) 54 CLR 572; [1936] ALR 301; (1936) 10 ALJR 35	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	29 Apr 1936	AustLII	346
Currie v Glen	[1936] HCA 1; (1936) 54 CLR 445	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	13 Feb 1936	AustLII	24
Hobkirk v Ritchie	(1934) 29 Tas LR 14		Australia - Tasmania	16 Apr 1934	AustLII	18
Re Penrose	[1933] Ch 793; [1933] All ER 796	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1933	LexisNexis / Westlaw	19
Re Brown	[1921] NSWStRp 72; (1921) 22 SR (NSW) 90; 38 WN (NSW) 245	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	6 Oct 1921	AustLII	5
In the Will of Tunstall	[1921] VicLawRp 41; [1921] VLR 559		Australia - Victoria	16 May 1921	AustLII	4
Trustees, Executors and Agency Co Ltd v Ramsay	[1920] HCA 2; (1920) 27 CLR 279	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	18 Feb 1920	AustLII	7
Gale v Gale	[1914] HCA 53; (1914) 18 CLR 560	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	29 Sep 1914	AustLII	10
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd v National Mutual Life Nominees Ltd	[1977] HCA 42; (1977) 137 CLR 252; 15 ALR 287	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	14 Dec 1908	AustLII	32
Re Wrightson	[1908] UKLawRpCh 34; [1908] 1 Ch 789	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	12 Mar 1908	CommonLII	39
Re Buckton	[1907] UKLawRpCh 98; [1907] 2 Ch 406		United Kingdom	10 Jul 1907	CommonLII	275
Re Friend's Trusts	(1904) 21 WN (NSW) 166		Australia - New South Wales	circa 1904		3
Montefiore v Guedalla	[1903] UKLawRpCh 139; [1903] 2 Ch 723	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	26 Oct 1903	CommonLII	8
Johnstone v Johnstone	[1902] NSWStRp 83; (1902) 2 SR (NSW) Eq 90	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	27 Sep 1902	AustLII	12
(1902) 1 Ch 75	(1902) 1 Ch 75	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1902	LexisNexis / Westlaw	2
Re Newen; Newen v Barnes	[1894] UKLawRpCh 39; [1894] 2 Ch 297	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	1 Mar 1894	CommonLII	19
Re Beddoe	[1892] UKLawRpCh 180; [1893] 1 Ch 547		United Kingdom	2 Dec 1892	CommonLII	400
Re Skeats ’ Settlement	[1889] UKLawRpCh 150; (1889) 42 Ch D 522; 58 LJCh 656	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	8 Aug 1889	CommonLII	46
Locke v Dunlop	[1888] UKLawRpCh 140; (1888) 39 Ch D 387	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	25 Jul 1888	CommonLII	75
Norris, In re; Allen v Norris	[1884] UKLawRpCh 161; 27 Ch D 333	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	30 Jun 1884	CommonLII	12
Letterstedt v Broers	(1884) 9 AC 371		United Kingdom	circa 1884	LexisNexis / Westlaw	221
Gadd, In re; Eastwood v Clark	[1883] UKLawRpCh 69; 23 Ch D 134	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	6 Mar 1883	CommonLII	10
Re Parton; Townsend v Parton	(1882) 30 WR 287		United Kingdom	circa 1882		10
Bottomley's Case	[1880] UKLawRpCh 258; (1880) 16 Ch D 681		United Kingdom	12 Nov 1880	CommonLII	78
Re Tempest	[1866] UKLawRpCh 58; (1866) 1 LRCh App 485		United Kingdom	12 Jun 1866	CommonLII	34
Duke of Portland v Topham	[1864] EngR 339; 11 ER 1242; (1864) 11 HLCas 32	House of Lords	United Kingdom	circa 1864	CommonLII	62
Wilding v Bolder	[1856] EngR 98; (1855) 21 Beav 222; 52 ER 845	Rolls Court	United Kingdom	circa 1855	CommonLII	7
O'Reilly v Alderson	[1849] EngR 680; 68 ER 289; (1849) 8 Hare 101	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1849	CommonLII	8
Marshall v Sladden	[1849] EngR 910; 7 Hare 428; 68 ER 177	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1849	CommonLII	12
Webb v The Earl of Shaftesbury The Earl of Shaftesbury v Arrowsmith	[1802] EngR 312; 32 ER 194; (1802) 7 Ves Jr 480	Court of Chancery	United Kingdom	circa 1802	CommonLII	2
[1225] All Er 435	[1225] All ER 435		United Kingdom	circa 1225	LexisNexis	2
[1225] All Er 435-6	[1225] All ER 435-6		United Kingdom	circa 1225	LexisNexis	1
See Matter of Duke	702 A2d 1008; 305 NJSuper 408		United States	circa 2008		6
Northern Trust Co v Heuer	560 NE2d 961; 148 Ill Dec 364; 202 Ill App3d 1066		United States	circa 2008		6
Jones v Heritage Pullman Bank Co	518 NE2d 178		United States	circa 2008		5
Re James ’ Estate	86 NYS2d 78		United States - New York	circa 2008		5
Re Cunningham's Settled Estates	27 WN (NSW) 28		Australia - New South Wales	circa 2008		7
Re Hughes ’ Will	5 NW2d 791		United States	circa 2008		5

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