"Disparate Impact under Title VII: An Objective Theory of Discrimination"
|
73 Virginia Law Review 1297
|
Virginia Law Review
|
United States
|
|
LexisNexis
|
|
3
|
Adams Communications Corporation v FCC
|
159 F3d 635; 333 USApp DC 45
|
|
United States
|
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Albemarle Paper Co v Moody
|
422 US 405; 45 L Ed 2d 280; 95 SCt 2362; (1975) 43 USLW 4880
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1975
|
WorldLII
|
|
837
|
Albert v J Carovano L
|
851 F2d 561; 48 Ed Law Rep 35; 57 USLW 2015
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
28 Jun 1988
|
WorldLII
|
|
25
|
Allen-Myland Inc v International Business Machines Corporation
|
33 F3d 194
|
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
|
United States
|
12 Aug 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
9
|
American Mfrs Mut Ins Co v Sullivan
|
526 US 40; 143 L Ed 2d 130; 119 SCt 977
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
3 Mar 1999
|
WorldLII
|
|
64
|
American Nat'l Bank and Trust Co of Chicago v Board of Regents for Regency Universities
|
607 FSupp 845
|
|
United States
|
|
Westlaw
|
|
2
|
Anna Harris, Plaintiff-Appellant, v Edna Itzhaki; Rafael Itzhaki, Defendants-Appellees
|
183 F3d 1043
|
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
|
United States
|
12 Jul 1999
|
WorldLII
|
|
9
|
Ansonia Bd of Educ v Philbrook
|
479 US 60; 93 L Ed 2d 305; 107 SCt 367
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
17 Nov 1986
|
WorldLII
|
|
68
|
Arthur v City of Toledo
|
782 F2d 565
|
United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit
|
United States
|
2 Apr 1986
|
WorldLII
|
|
15
|
Banks v City of Albany
|
953 FSupp 28
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
3
|
Barlow v Evans
|
993 FSupp 1390
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Barrios-Velazquez v Asociacion De Empleados Del Estado Libre Asociado De Puerto Rico
|
84 F3d 487
|
United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit
|
United States
|
24 May 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
5
|
Bartholet v Reishauer AG (Zurich)
|
953 F2d 1073; 21 Fed RServ3d 1345
|
United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit
|
United States
|
15 Jan 1992
|
WorldLII
|
|
110
|
Betsey v Turtle Creek Assocs
|
736 F2d 983
|
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit
|
United States
|
18 Jun 1984
|
WorldLII
|
|
10
|
Brown Shoe Co v United States
|
370 US 294; 8 L Ed 2d 510; 82 SCt 1502
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1962
|
WorldLII
|
|
455
|
Brown v Artery Org , Inc
|
654 FSupp 1106
|
|
United States
|
circa 1996
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Brown v Coach Stores, Inc
|
163 F3d 706
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
16 Dec 1998
|
WorldLII
|
|
16
|
Catherine Natsu Lanning; Altovise Love; Belinda Kelly Dodson; Denise Dougherty; Lynne Zirilli v Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (Septa); (DC Civil
|
181 F3d 478
|
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
|
United States
|
29 Jun 1999
|
WorldLII
|
|
7
|
Chalmers v Tulon Co of Richmond
|
101 F3d 1012
|
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit
|
United States
|
4 Dec 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
7
|
Civil Rights Act 1964
|
[1964] SEC 706; 42 USC 2000; 649 FSupp 647
|
|
United States
|
circa 1964
|
|
|
3468
|
Comer v Cisneros
|
37 F3d 775; 30 Fed RServ3d 362
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
26 Aug 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
33
|
Conley v Gibson
|
355 US 41; 2 L Ed 80; 2 L Ed 2d 80; 78 SCt 99
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
18 Nov 1957
|
WorldLII
|
|
2497
|
Dangler v New York City Off Track Betting Corporation
|
193 F3d 130
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
23 Sep 1999
|
WorldLII
|
|
8
|
Davidson v Flynn
|
32 F3d 27
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
2 Aug 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
9
|
Donnelly v Rhode Island Board Governors Higher Education
|
110 F3d 2
|
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit
|
United States
|
6 Jan 1997
|
WorldLII
|
|
1
|
Donnelly v Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education
|
929 FSupp 583
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Dothard v Rawlinson
|
433 US 321; 53 L Ed 2d 786; 97 SCt 2720; [1977] Moore 708; [1977] Kirby 613
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
27 Jun 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
279
|
Eastman Kodak Co v Image Technical Services, Inc
|
504 US 451; 119 L Ed 2d 265; 112 SCt 2072
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
8 Jun 1992
|
WorldLII
|
|
193
|
Easton v Sundram
|
947 F2d 1011
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
18 Oct 1991
|
WorldLII
|
|
26
|
Edmonson v Leesville Concrete Co
|
500 US 614; 114 L Ed 2d 660; 111 SCt 2077
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
3 Jun 1991
|
WorldLII
|
|
159
|
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v Steamship Clerks Union Local Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
|
48 F3d 594
|
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit
|
United States
|
9 Jan 1995
|
WorldLII
|
|
20
|
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Plaintiff-Appellant-Cross-Appellee, v Joint Apprenticeship Committee of the Joint Industry Board of the Electrical Industry, Defendant-Appellee-Cross Appellant
|
186 F3d 110
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
9 Jul 1999
|
WorldLII
|
|
4
|
Fitzpatrick v City of Atlanta
|
2 F3d 1112; 62 Empl Prac Dec P 42,554; 62 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1484
|
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit
|
United States
|
27 Sep 1993
|
WorldLII
|
|
54
|
Flickinger v Harold C Brown & Co Inc
|
947 F2d 595
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
16 Oct 1991
|
WorldLII
|
|
12
|
Furnco Construction Corporation v Waters
|
438 US 567; 57 L Ed 2d 957; 98 SCt 2943
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
29 Jun 1978
|
WorldLII
|
|
526
|
Geisler v R Petrocelli
|
616 F2d 636; 6 Media LRep 1023
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
3 Mar 1980
|
WorldLII
|
|
14
|
Gladstone, Realtors v Village of Bellwood
|
441 US 91; 60 L Ed 2d 66; 99 SCt 1601
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
17 Apr 1979
|
WorldLII
|
|
390
|
Gonzalez v St Margaret's House Housing Development Fund Corporation
|
880 F2d 1514
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
1 Aug 1989
|
WorldLII
|
|
7
|
Griggs v Duke Power Co
|
401 US 424; 28 L Ed 2d 158; 91 SCt 849
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
8 Mar 1971
|
WorldLII
|
|
968
|
Hack v President and Fellows of Yale College
|
16 FSupp 2d 183
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Hall v American National Red Cross
|
86 F3d 919; 65 USLW 2010
|
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
|
United States
|
18 Jun 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
4
|
Hamilton Chapter of Alpha Delta Phi Inc v Hamilton College M
|
128 F3d 59
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
10 Oct 1997
|
WorldLII
|
|
2
|
Havens Realty Corporation v Coleman
|
455 US 363; 71 L Ed 2d 214; 102 SCt 1114
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
24 Feb 1982
|
WorldLII
|
|
198
|
Hispanics United of DuPage County v Village of Addison, Ill
|
988 FSupp 1130
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Huntington Branch, NAACP v Town of Huntington
|
844 F2d 926
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
35
|
Huntington v Huntington Branch, NAACP
|
488 US 15; 102 L Ed 2d 180; 109 SCt 276
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
9 Jan 1989
|
WorldLII
|
|
26
|
In re Griffiths
|
413 US 717; 93 SCt 2851; 37 L Ed 2d 910
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1973
|
WorldLII
|
|
72
|
International Brotherhood of Teamsters v United States
|
431 US 324; 52 L Ed 2d 396; 97 SCt 1843; [1977] Dillon 746
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
31 May 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
1034
|
Jefferson Parish Hospital District No 2 v Hyde
|
466 US 2; 80 L Ed 2d 2; 104 SCt 1551
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
27 Mar 1984
|
WorldLII
|
|
182
|
Jesus v Sears Roebuck & Co Inc
|
87 F3d 65
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
9
|
Korematsu v United States
|
323 US 214; 89 L Ed 194; 65 SCt 193; 89 L Ed 2d 194
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
12 Feb 1945
|
WorldLII
|
|
229
|
Krynicky v University of Pittsburgh
|
742 F2d 94; 19 Ed Law Rep 904; 35 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1133
|
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
|
United States
|
28 Sep 1984
|
WorldLII
|
|
15
|
Landgraf v USI Film Products
|
511 US 244; 114 SCt 1483; 128 L Ed 2d 229
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
26 Apr 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
809
|
Langlois v Abington Hous Auth
|
207 F3d 43
|
United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit
|
United States
|
27 Mar 2000
|
WorldLII
|
|
10
|
LeBlanc-Sternberg v Fletcher
|
67 F3d 412
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
21 Sep 1995
|
WorldLII
|
|
38
|
Lebron v National Railroad Passenger Corporation
|
513 US 374; 130 L Ed 2d 902; 115 SCt 961
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
21 Feb 1995
|
WorldLII
|
|
55
|
Lee v Life Insurance Co of North America
|
23 F3d 14; 62 USLW 2733
|
United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit
|
United States
|
4 May 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
7
|
Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc v Smith
|
34 FSupp 2d 459
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Martin v Constance
|
843 FSupp 1321
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Matter of Oswego Barge Corporation
|
664 F2d 327
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
20 Oct 1981
|
WorldLII
|
|
16
|
McDonnell Douglas Corporation v Green
|
411 US 792; 93 SCt 1817; 36 L Ed 2; 36 L Ed 2d 668; 36 L Ed 668; 802 Fisher 114
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
14 May 1973
|
WorldLII
|
|
4078
|
Metropolitan Housing Development Corporation v Village of Arlington Heights
|
558 F2d 1283
|
United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit
|
United States
|
25 Aug 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
54
|
Michael v Clark Equipment Co
|
[1967] USCA2 376
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
13 Jun 1967
|
WorldLII
|
|
1
|
Mobil Oil Corporation v Higginbotham
|
436 US 618; [1978] AMC 1059; 56 L Ed 2d 581; 98 SCt 2010; 56 L Ed 581
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
2 Oct 1978
|
WorldLII
|
|
117
|
Morgan v Secretary of Housing and Urban Development III
|
985 F2d 1451
|
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit
|
United States
|
18 Feb 1993
|
WorldLII
|
|
14
|
Mountain Side Mobile Estates Partnership v Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
|
56 F3d 1243
|
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit
|
United States
|
30 May 1995
|
WorldLII
|
|
17
|
Nash v Consolidated City of Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla
|
895 FSupp 1536
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
2
|
National Organization for Women, Inc v Scheidler
|
510 US 249; 114 SCt 798; 127 L Ed 2d 99
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
89
|
New York City Transit Authority v Beazer
|
440 US 568; 59 L Ed 2d 587; 99 SCt 1355; 59 L Ed 587
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
21 Mar 1979
|
WorldLII
|
|
154
|
Newman v M Silver M Pc
|
713 F2d 14
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
22 Jul 1983
|
WorldLII
|
|
10
|
Northern Pacific Railway Co v United States
|
356 US 1; 2 L Ed 2d 545; 4 Cranch 46; 2 L Ed 545; 78 SCt 514; 9 Wheat 537
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
1 Feb 1824
|
WorldLII
|
|
571
|
Northrop v Hoffman of Simsbury Inc
|
134 F3d 41; 39 Fed RServ3d 492
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
21 Nov 1997
|
WorldLII
|
|
13
|
Orange Lake Associates Inc v J Kirkpatrick a P P
|
21 F3d 1214
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
14 Apr 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
10
|
Peter E Mahoney, The Ends of Disparate Impact: Doctrinal Reconstruction, Fair Housing and Lending Law, and the Antidiscrimination Principle
|
47 Emory Law Journal 409
|
Emory Law Journal
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
HeinOnline / LexisNexis
|
|
3
|
Pfaff v US Department of Housing and Urban Development
|
88 F3d 739; 65 USLW 2035
|
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
|
United States
|
2 Jul 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
13
|
Queen City Pizza, Inc v Domino's Pizza, Inc
|
124 F3d 430
|
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
|
United States
|
27 Aug 1997
|
WorldLII
|
|
16
|
Reginald C Govan, Honorable Compromises and the Moral High Ground: The Conflict Between the Rhetoric and the Content of the Civil Rights Act of
|
(1991) 46 Rutgers Law Review 1
|
Rutgers Law Review
|
United States
|
circa 1991
|
HeinOnline / LexisNexis
|
|
5
|
Rendell-Baker v Kohn
|
457 US 830; 73 L Ed 2d 418; 102 SCt 2764
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1982
|
WorldLII
|
|
228
|
Resident Advisory Board v Rizzo
|
564 F2d 126
|
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
|
United States
|
31 Aug 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
40
|
Rivers v Roadway Express, Inc
|
511 US 298; 128 L Ed 2d 274; 114 SCt 1510
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
26 Apr 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
149
|
Robinson v Lofts Realty Inc
|
610 F2d 1032
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
21 Nov 1979
|
WorldLII
|
|
30
|
Rohlfing v Manor Care, Inc
|
172 FRD 330
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
|
|
1
|
Salute v Stratford Greens Garden Apartments
|
136 F3d 293
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
5 Feb 1998
|
WorldLII
|
|
13
|
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc v United States Olympic Committee
|
483 US 522; 3 USPQ2d 1145; 97 L Ed 2d 427; 107 SCt 2971
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1987
|
WorldLII
|
|
99
|
Scheuer v Rhodes
|
416 US 232; 42 USLW 4543; 40 L Ed 2d 90; 94 SCt 1683
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
17 Apr 1974
|
WorldLII
|
|
836
|
Sedima, SPRL v Imrex Co
|
473 US 479; 87 L Ed 2d 346; 105 SCt 3275
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
1 Jul 1985
|
WorldLII
|
|
525
|
Shapiro v Cadman Towers, Inc
|
51 F3d 328; 63 USLW 2599
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
21 Mar 1995
|
WorldLII
|
|
22
|
Sidney S Arst Co v Pipefitters Welfare Educ Fund
|
25 F3d 417
|
United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit
|
United States
|
20 May 1994
|
WorldLII
|
|
16
|
Smith v City of Des Moines
|
99 F3d 1466
|
United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit
|
United States
|
12 Nov 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
24
|
Smith v Town of Clarkton
|
682 F2d 1055; 11 Fed REvid Serv 359
|
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit
|
United States
|
29 Jun 1982
|
WorldLII
|
|
32
|
Snyder v Barry Realty Inc
|
953 FSupp 217
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Soules v United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
|
967 F2d 817
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
25 Jun 1992
|
WorldLII
|
|
15
|
Business Necessity Defense in Disparate Impact Discrimination Cases
|
30 Georgia Law Review 387
|
Georgia Law Review
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
HeinOnline / LexisNexis
|
|
3
|
Torture Victim Protection Act of
|
[1991] PL 102
|
|
United Kingdom
|
circa 1991
|
Westlaw
|
|
2
|
Town Sound and Custom Tops Inc v Chrysler Motors Corporation
|
959 F2d 468; 60 USLW 2621
|
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
|
United States
|
26 Mar 1992
|
WorldLII
|
|
16
|
Trafficante v Metropolitan Life Ins Co
|
409 US 205; 34 L Ed 2d 415; 93 SCt 364
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
7 Dec 1972
|
WorldLII
|
|
190
|
Trans World Airlines, Inc v Hardison
|
432 US 63; 53 L Ed 2d 113; 97 SCt 2264; 53 L Ed 113
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
16 Jun 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
158
|
United States Steel Corporation v Fortner Enterprises, Inc
|
429 US 610; 51 L Ed 2d 80; 97 SCt 861
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
22 Feb 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
61
|
United States v City of Black Jack
|
508 F2d 1179
|
United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit
|
United States
|
20 Jan 1975
|
WorldLII
|
|
45
|
United States v Yonkers Board of Education
|
56 USLW 2392
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
28 Dec 1987
|
WorldLII
|
|
44
|
US v NC
|
914 FSupp 1257
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
Village of Arlington Heights v Metropolitan Housing Development Corporation
|
429 US 252; 97 SCt 555; 50 L Ed 2d 450; 50 L Ed 2
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
11 Jan 1977
|
WorldLII
|
|
726
|
Wade v Johnson Controls, Inc
|
693 F2d 19
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
15 Nov 1982
|
WorldLII
|
|
5
|
Wards Cove Packing Co v Atonio
|
490 US 642; 104 L Ed 2d 733; 109 SCt 2115
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
5 Jun 1989
|
WorldLII
|
|
253
|
Washington v Davis
|
426 US 229; 48 L Ed 2d 597; 44 USLW 4789; 96 SCt 2040
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
7 Jun 1976
|
WorldLII
|
|
690
|
Watson v Fort Worth Bank & Trust
|
487 US 977; 101 L Ed 2d 827; 108 SCt 2777
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
29 Jun 1988
|
WorldLII
|
|
209
|
Wilson v Glenwood Intermountain Properties Inc
|
98 F3d 590; 113 Ed Law Rep 551
|
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit
|
United States
|
21 Oct 1996
|
WorldLII
|
|
9
|
Yentsch v Texaco, Inc
|
630 F2d 46
|
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
|
United States
|
12 May 1980
|
WorldLII
|
|
30
|
67 PL 102; 166 Sec 3
|
67 PL 102; 166 SEC 3
|
|
United Kingdom
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
68 Notre Dame Law Review 1153
|
68 Notre Dame Law Review 1153
|
Notre Dame Law Review
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
HeinOnline / LexisNexis
|
|
2
|
75 f3d 1401
|
75 F3d 1401
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
4
|
85 f3d 643
|
85 F3d 643
|
|
United States
|
|
Westlaw
|
|
34
|
106 Harvard Law Review 896
|
106 Harvard Law Review 896
|
Harvard Law Review
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
HeinOnline / LexisNexis
|
|
2
|
120 SCt 970
|
120 SCt 970
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
1
|
166 Sec 2
|
166 SEC 2
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
|
|
2
|
166 Sec 3
|
166 SEC 3
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
|
|
2
|
166 Sec 102
|
166 SEC 102
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
|
|
1
|
166 Sec 105
|
166 SEC 105
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
|
|
1
|
261 Sec 2
|
261 SEC 2
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
|
|
1
|
513 US 1066
|
513 US 1066; 130 L Ed 2d 615; 115 SCt 684
|
United States Supreme Court
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
3
|
724 FSupp 148
|
724 FSupp 148
|
|
United States
|
circa 1999
|
Westlaw
|
|
3
|