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"Protecting Australian Cyberspace: Are our International Lawyers Ready?"   flag 

(2012) 19 Australian International Law Journal 49
Tully, Stephen
Australian International Law Journal
Australia

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name Provision
The Bill (Cth)
Cybercrime Legislation Amendment Bill 2011 (Cth)
Australian Federal Police Act 1979 (Cth) s37
Crimes Act 1914 (Cth)
Spam Act 2003 (Cth)
Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979 (Cth)
Cybercrime Act 2001 (Cth)
Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism Act 2002 (Cth)

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name †  Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date Full Text Citation Index
""At Light Speed": Attribution and Response to Cybercrime/Terrorism/Warfare" (2007) 97 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 376 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology United States circa 2007 HeinOnline flag 1
"A Helpless America? An Examination of the Legal Options Available to the United States in Response to Varying Types of Cyber-Attacks from China" (2002) 17 American University International Law Review 641 American University International Law Review United States circa 2002 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"A Proposal for an International Convention To Regulate the Use of Information Systems in Armed Conflict" (2006) 47 Harvard International Law Journal 179 Harvard International Law Journal United States circa 2006 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 3
"A State's Duty to Prevent and Respond to Cyberterrorist Acts" (2010) 10 Chicago Journal of International Law 799 Chicago Journal of International Law United States circa 2010 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Australia's Accession to the Cybercrime Convention: Is the Convention Still Relevant in Combating Cybercrime in the Era of Botnets and Obfuscation Crime Tools?" (2010) 33 University of New South Wales Law Journal 431 University of New South Wales Law Journal Australia circa 2010 AustLII flag 1
"Blackbeards of the Twenty-First Century: Holding Cybercriminals Liable under the Alien Tort Statute" (2007) 7 Chicago Journal of International Law 695 Chicago Journal of International Law United States circa 2007 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Classification of Cyber Conflict" (2012) 17 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 245 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 1
"Combatant Status and Computer Network Attack" (2010) 50 Virginia Journal of International Law 391 Virginia Journal of International Law United States circa 2010 WorldLII flag 2
"Combating Incitement to Terrorism on the Internet: Comparative Approaches in the United States and United Kingdom and the Need for an International Solution" (2009) 1 Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law 673 Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Combating Terrorism In The Digital Age: A Clash Of Doctrines: The Frontier Of Sovereignty–National Security And Citizenship–The Fourth Amendment–Technology And Shifting Legal Borders" (2008) 78 Mississippi Law Journal 381 Mississippi Law Journal United States circa 2008 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Computer Attacks On Critical National Infrastructure: A Use Of Force Invoking The Right Of Self-Defense" (2002) 38 Stanford Journal of International Law 207 Stanford Journal of International Law United States circa 2002 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"Computer Network Attack and the Use of Force in International Law: Thoughts on a Normative Framework" (1999) 37 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 885 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law United States circa 1999 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 3
"Countering Terrorism with Cyber Security" (2007) 47 Jurimetrics 297 Jurimetrics United States circa 2007 HeinOnline flag 1
"Countering the Cyber-Crime Threat" (2006) 43 American Criminal Law Review 201 American Criminal Law Review United States circa 2006 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Cyber Attacks, Self-defence and the Problem of Attribution" (2012) 17 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 229 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 1
"Cyber Attacks: Unlawful Uses of Force or Prohibited Interventions?" (2012) 17 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 212 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 1
"Cyber Crime Convention and Trans Border Criminality" (2007) 1 Masaryk University Journal of Law & Technology 53 Masaryk University Journal of Law & Technology Czech Republic circa 2007 flag 1
"Cyber Crime Convention: A Positive Beginning to a Long Road Ahead" (2003) 2 Journal of High Technology Law 102 Journal of High Technology Law United States circa 2003 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Cyber Embargo: Countering The Internet Jihad" (2007) 39 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 789 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law United States circa 2007 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"Cyber Security Without Cyber War" (2012) 17 (2) Journal of Conflict and Security Law 187 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 2
"Cyber Threats and the Law of War" (2010) 4 Journal of National Security Law and Policy 87 Journal of National Security Law and Policy circa 2010 1
"Cyber War and International Law" (2012) 17 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 183 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 1
"Cyber Warfare and the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities" (2012) 17 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 279 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 1
"Cyber-Apocalypse Now: Securing the Internet Against Cyberterrorism and Using Universal Jurisdiction as a Deterrent" (2010) 43 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 57 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law United States circa 2010 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Cyber-Attacks and the Use of Force: Back to the Future of Article 2(4)" (2011) 36 Yale Journal of International Law 421 Yale Journal of International Law United States circa 2011 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"Cyberterrorism: Are We Legally Ready?" (2010) 9 Journal of International Business and Law 1 Journal of International Business and Law circa 2010 1
"Cyberwarfare and the Use of Force Giving Rise to the Right of Self- Defence" (2009) 32 Boston College International and Comparative Law Review 439 Boston College International and Comparative Law Review United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Defining Cyberterrorism" (2004) 22 John Marshall Journal of Computer and Information Law 397 John Marshall Journal of Computer and Information Law United States circa 2004 flag 1
"Defining The Parameters Of Cyberwar Operations: Looking For Law In All The Wrong Places?" (2005) 51 Naval Law Review 132 Naval Law Review United States circa 2005 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"Getting It Right: Protecting American Critical Infrastructure In Cyberspace" (2007) 20 Harvard Journal of Law & Technology 403 Harvard Journal of Law & Technology United States circa 2007 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Hacking into International Humanitarian Law: The Principles of Distinction and Neutrality in the Age of Cyber Warfare" (2008) 106 Michigan Law Review 1427 Michigan Law Review United States 1 Jan 2008 WorldLII flag 2
"How The Legal Regimes Of The European Union And The United States Approach Islamic Terrorist Web Sites: A Comparative Analysis" (2009) 84 Tulane Law Review 165 Tulane Law Review United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Humanitarian Law: Developing International Rules for the Digital Battlefield" (2003) 8 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 133 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2003 LexisNexis 1
"In Fear of Cyberterrorism: An Analysis of the Congressional Response" (2003) 2003 University of Illinois Journal of Law Technology and Policy 297 University of Illinois Journal of Law, Technology and Policy United States circa 2003 flag 1
"Information Warfare as International Coercion: Elements of a Legal Framework" (2001) 12 European Journal of International Law 825 European Journal of International Law United Kingdom circa 2001 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Information Warfare: Technological Changes and International Law" (2000) 5 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 157 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2000 LexisNexis 1
"Intended Consequences: Regulating Cyber Attacks" (2009) 12 Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property 259 Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Internet Terrorism" (2008) 2 Homeland Security Review 117 Homeland Security Review United States circa 2008 HeinOnline flag 1
"Jurisdiction in Cyberspace: A Theory of International Spaces" (1998) 4 Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review 69 Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review United States circa 1998 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 3
"National Cyber Doctrine: The Missing Link in the Application of American Cyber Power" (2010) 4 Journal of National Security Law and Policy 173 Journal of National Security Law and Policy circa 2010 1
"Non-Intervention And Neutrality In Cyberspace: An Emerging Principle In The National Practice Of International Law" (2009) 64 Air Force Law Review 43 Air Force Law Review United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Offensive Cyber Operations and the Use of Force" (2010) 4 Journal of National Security Law and Policy 63 Journal of National Security Law and Policy circa 2010 1
"Operation Titstorm: Hacktivism or Cyber-Terrorism?" (2010) 33 University of New South Wales Law Journal 474 University of New South Wales Law Journal Australia circa 2010 AustLII flag 4
"Protecting the Global Information Commons" (2000) 24 Telecommunications Policy 519 Telecommunications Policy circa 2000 1
"Responding to Attacks by Non-State Actors: The Attribution Requirement of Self-Defence" (2009) 16 Australian International Law Journal 133 Australian International Law Journal Australia circa 2009 AustLII flag 1
"s Battlefield" (2010) 3 Duke Law and Technology Review 1 Duke Law and Technology Review United States circa 2010 LexisNexis flag 1
"Shifting boundaries of cybercrime: from computer hacking to cyber-terrorism" (2003) 27 Criminal Law Journal 303 Criminal Law Journal Australia circa 2003 Legal Online flag 4
"Solving the Dilemma of State Response to Cyberattacks: A Justification for the Use of Active Defenses Against States Whο Neglect Their Duty to Prevent" (2009) 201 Military Law Review 1 Military Law Review United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Sovereign Discourse on Cyber Conflict under International Law" (2010) 88 Texas Law Review 1571 Texas Law Review United States circa 2010 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"Terror and the ambit claim: Security Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act 2002 (Cth)" (2003) 14 Public Law Review 13 Public Law Review Australia circa 2003 Legal Online flag 5
"Terrorism and the State: Limits of Self-Protection (The Parameters of Internet (Runet) Regulation)" (2007) 29 Cardozo Law Review 21 Cardozo Law Review United States circa 2007 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Terrorism Offences in the Criminal Code: Broadening the Boundaries of Australian Criminal Laws" (2004) 27 University of New South Wales Law Journal 354 University of New South Wales Law Journal Australia circa 2004 AustLII flag 16
"Testing our counter-terrorism laws: The prosecution of individuals for terrorism offences in Australia" (2010) 34 Criminal Law Journal 92 Criminal Law Journal Australia circa 2010 Legal Online flag 7
"The Battlefield of Cyberspace: The Inevitable New Military Branch: The Cyber Force" (2008) 18 Albany Law Journal of Science and Technology 293 Albany Law Journal of Science and Technology United States circa 2008 LexisNexis flag 1
"The Cyber-Front in the War on Terrorism: Curbing Terrorist Use of the Internet" (2004) 5 Columbia Science and Technology Law Review 3 Columbia Science and Technology Law Review United States circa 2004 LexisNexis flag 1
"The Definition of "Terrorist Act" in Part 5 3 of the Commonwealth Criminal Code" [2007] University of Western Australia Law Review 307 University of Western Australia Law Review Australia - Western Australia circa 2007 HeinOnline flag 2
"The Development Of Cyber Warfare Operations And Analyzing Its Use Under International Law" (2009) 64 Air Force Law Review 121 Air Force Law Review United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"The Era of Cyber Warfare: Applying International Humanitarian Law to the 2008 Russian- Georgian Cyber Conflict" (2010) 32 Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review 303 Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review United States circa 2010 HeinOnline flag 1
"The Lawfulness of Attacking Computer Networks in Armed Conflict and in Self-Defense in Periods Short of Armed Conflict: What Are the Targeting Constraints?" (2001) 169 Military Law Review 70 Military Law Review United States circa 2001 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"The Legal Status And Responsibilities Of Private Internet Users Under The Law Of Armed Conflict: A Primer For The Unwary On The Shape Of Law To Come" (2003) 2 Washington University Global Studies Law Review 415 Washington University Global Studies Law Review United States circa 2003 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"The Principle of Distinction and Cyber War in International Armed Conflicts" (2012) 17 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 261 Journal of Conflict and Security Law circa 2012 LexisNexis 1
"The Use of Force in Response to Cyber-Attack on Commercial Space Systems - Reexamining "Self-Defense" in Outer Space in Light of the Convergence of US Military and Commercial Space Activities" (2002) 67 Journal of Air Law and Commerce 1213 Journal of Air Law and Commerce United States circa 2002 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Towards a Cyberspace Legal Regime in the Twenty-First Century: Considerations for American Cyber-Warriors" (2009) 87 Nebraska Law Review 712 Nebraska Law Review United States circa 2009 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Unexpected Consequences From Knock-On Effects: A Different Standard for Computer Network Operations?" (2003) 18 American University International Law Review 1145 American University International Law Review United States circa 2003 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"What is Cyberterrorism?" (2002) 101 Current History 436 Current History United States circa 2002 flag 1
"What is Terrorism - Problems of Legal Definition" (2004) 27 University of New South Wales Law Journal 270 University of New South Wales Law Journal Australia circa 2004 AustLII flag 10
"Why States Need an International Law for Information Operations" (2007) 11 Lewis and Clark Law Review 1023 Lewis and Clark Law Review United States circa 2007 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 2
"Will the new code keep the lid on spam?" (2005) 8 Internet Law Bulletin 1 Internet Law Bulletin Australia circa 2005 flag 3
"World Wide Warfare -- Jus ad Bellum and the Use of Cyber Force" (2010) 14 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law 85 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Germany circa 2010 flag 1
(1997) 2149 Unts 284 (1997) 2149 UNTS 284 International circa 1997 flag 12
(2000) 12 DePaul Business Law Journal 33 (2000) 12 DePaul Business Law Journal 33 DePaul Business Law Journal United States circa 2000 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
(2001) 2296 Unts 167 (2001) 2296 UNTS 167 International circa 2001 flag 5
(2010) 22 Florida Journal of International Law 333 (2010) 22 Florida Journal of International Law 333 Florida Journal of International Law United States circa 2010 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
[2009] Foreign Affairs 2 [2009] Foreign Affairs 2 United States circa 2009 HeinOnline flag 1
Agent Orange) and other (1977) 1125 UNTS 3 International circa 1977 flag 173
Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest, 23XI 2001) [2011] ATNIF 5 Australia circa 2011 AustLII flag 1
R v Boden [2002] QCA 164 Supreme Court of Queensland - Court of Appeal Australia - Queensland 10 May 2002 AustLII flag 4
R v Khazaal [2006] NSWSC 1061 Supreme Court of New South Wales Australia - New South Wales 25 Oct 2006 AustLII flag 22
R v Lodhi (2006) 199 FLR 364 Australia circa 2006 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 32
Treaty Notes [1952] ATS 2 Australia circa 1952 AustLII flag 6
15 Richmond Journal of Law & Technology 1 15 Richmond Journal of Law & Technology 1 Richmond Journal of Law & Technology United States circa 2002 LexisNexis flag 1
16 Brown Journal of World Affairs 45 16 Brown Journal of World Affairs 45 Brown Journal of World Affairs United States circa 2002 HeinOnline flag 1
42 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 625 42 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 625 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law United States circa 2002 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
88 Texas Law Review 1533 88 Texas Law Review 1533 Texas Law Review United States circa 2002 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1

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