Kumar v State 3

[2023] FJCA 125

Court of Appeal of Fiji

Fiji

27th July, 2023

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date	Full Text	Citation Index †
Rainima v State	[2023] FJCA 190	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	28 Sep 2023	PacLII	4
Rahman v State	[2024] FJCA 20	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	12 Feb 2024	PacLII
Ramzan v State	[2024] FJCA 3	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	5 Jan 2024	PacLII

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name	Provision
Criminal Procedure Act 2009 (Vic)	s135, s217
Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic)	s71AC

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date	Full Text	Citation Index †
Raj v State	[2014] FJSC 12	Supreme Court of Fiji	Fiji	20 Aug 2014	PacLII	392
R v DPP; Ex parte Kebilene	[1999] UKHL 43; [2000] 2 AC 326; [1999] 4 All ER 801; [1999] 3 WLR 972; [2000] Crim LR 486; [2000] 1 Cr App R 275	House of Lords	United Kingdom	28 Oct 1999	BAILII	388
R v Hansen	[2007] NZSC 7; [2007] 3 NZLR 1; (2007) 23 CRNZ 104; (2007) 8 HRNZ 222	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	circa 2007	NZLII	363
Warner v Metropolitan Police Commissioner	[1969] 2 QB 256; [1969] 2 AC 256; [1968] 2 All ER 356; (1968) 52 Cr App R 373; [1968] 2 WLR 1303		United Kingdom	circa 1969	LexisNexis / Westlaw	263
R v a (No 2)	[2001] UKHL 25; [2002] 1 AC 45; [2001] 3 All ER 1; [2001] 2 WLR 1546; (2001) 2 Cr App R 351; (2001) 165 JP 609; 11 BHRC 225; [2001] UKHRR 825; [2001] HRLR 48; (2001) 165 JPN 750	House of Lords	United Kingdom	circa 2001	BAILII	243
DPP v Morgan	[1975] UKHL 3; [1976] AC 182; [1975] 2 All ER 347; (1975) 61 Cr App R 136	House of Lords	United Kingdom	30 Apr 1975	BAILII	221
HKSAR v Lam Kwong Wai	[2006] HKCFA 84; (2006) 9 HKCFAR 574; [2006] 3 HKLRD 808	Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal	Hong Kong	31 Aug 2006	HKLII	207
R v Sharp	[1988] 1 All ER 65; [1988] 1 WLR 7; (1988) 86 Cr App R 274; [1988] Crim LR 303		United Kingdom	circa 1988	LexisNexis	205
R v H; R v C	[2004] UKHL 3; [2004] 2 AC 134; [2004] 1 All ER 1269; 16 BHRC 332; [2004] HRLR 20; [2004] 2 WLR 335; [2004] All ER (D) 71; [2004] 2 Cr App R 10	House of Lords	United Kingdom	circa 2004	BAILII	201
Mancini v DPP	[1942] AC 1; [1941] 3 All ER 272; 111 LJKB 84		United Kingdom	circa 1942	LexisNexis / Westlaw	191
Nadim v State	[2015] FJCA 130	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	2 Oct 2015	PacLII	159
Alfaaz v State	[2018] FJSC 17	Supreme Court of Fiji	Fiji	30 Aug 2018	PacLII	155
R v Aziz	[1996] AC 41; [1995] 3 All ER 149; [1995] 2 Cr App R 478; [1995] 3 WLR 53		United Kingdom	circa 1996	LexisNexis / Westlaw	144
Maya v State	[2015] FJSC 30	Supreme Court of Fiji	Fiji	23 Oct 2015	PacLII	141
Hofer v R	[2021] HCA 36; (2021) 274 CLR 351; (2021) 395 ALR 1; (2021) 95 ALJR 937; (2021) 291 A Crim R 114	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	10 Nov 2021	AustLII	140
Sheldrake v DPP; Attorney General's Reference (No 4 of 2002)	[2004] UKHL 43; [2005] 1 AC 264; [2005] 1 All ER 237; [2004] 3 WLR 976; [2005] RTR 13; (2004) 168 JP 669; (2004) 17 BHRC 339; [2004] All ER (D) 169	House of Lords	United Kingdom	circa 2004	BAILII	139
R v Momcilovic	[2010] VSCA 50; (2010) 25 VR 436; (2010) 265 ALR 751	Supreme Court of Victoria - Court of Appeal	Australia - Victoria	17 Mar 2010	AustLII	135
Bratty v Attorney-General of Northern Ireland	[1963] AC 386		United Kingdom	circa 1963	LexisNexis / Westlaw	125
R v Jacobson and Levy	[1931] AD 466			circa 1931		92
S v Bhulwana, S v Gwadiso (CCT12/95, CCT11/95)	[1995] ZACC 11; 1996 1 SA 388	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	29 Nov 1995	SAFLII	88
R v Johnstone	[2003] UKHL 28; [2003] 3 All ER 884; (2003) 167 JP 281; [2003] 1 WLR 1736; [2003] All ER (D) 323; [2003] UKHRR 1239; [2003] HRLR 25; [2003] FSR 42; (2003) 167 JPN 453; [2003] 2 Cr App R 33	House of Lords	United Kingdom	22 May 2003	BAILII	82
Jayasena v R	[1970] AC 618; [1970] 1 All ER 219		United Kingdom	circa 1970	LexisNexis / Westlaw	82
R v Duncan	(1981) 73 Cr App R 359		United Kingdom	circa 1981	LexisNexis	78
Aziz v State	[2015] FJCA 91	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	13 Jul 2015	PacLII	77
Scott Fell v Lloyd	[1911] HCA 34; (1911) 13 CLR 230; 18 ALR 97	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	8 Aug 1911	AustLII	73
Volau v State	[2017] FJCA 51	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	26 May 2017	PacLII	72
Hill v Baxter	[1958] 1 QB 277; [1958] 1 All ER 193; (1958) 42 Cr App R 51; (1958) 2 WLR 76; 122 JP 134		United Kingdom	circa 1958	LexisNexis / Westlaw	70
Warren v Attorney General for Jersey	[2011] UKPC 10; [2012] 1 AC 22; [2011] 2 All ER 513; [2012] 3 WLR 933; [2011] 2 Cr App R 502; [2012] Crim LR 63; [2011] All ER (D) 73	Privy Council	United Kingdom	28 Mar 2011	BAILII	69
R v Lambert	[2001] UKHL 37; [2002] QB 1112; [2002] 1 All ER 2; [2001] 3 WLR 206; [2001] UKHRR 1074; [2001] Crim LR 806; [2001] 2 Cr App R 511	House of Lords	United Kingdom	5 Jul 2001	BAILII	61
Johnson v R	[1976] HCA 44; (1976) 136 CLR 619; 11 ALR 23; (1976) 51 ALJR 57	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	26 Aug 1976	AustLII	61
R v Chaulk	[1990] 3 SCR 1303	Supreme Court of Canada	Canada	20 Dec 1990	Supreme Court of Canada	59
Tuwai v State	[2016] FJSC 35	Supreme Court of Fiji	Fiji	26 Aug 2016	PacLII	58
Hksar v Ng Po on	[2008] HKCFA 12; [2008] 3 HKC 1; (2008) 11 HKCFAR 91; [2008] 4 HKLRD 176	Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal	Hong Kong	7 Mar 2008	HKLII	54
S v Williams	[1995] ZACC 6; 1995 3 SA 632	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	9 Jun 1995	SAFLII	54
R v Haddy	[1944] 1 KB 442; 1944 1 All ER 319; 29 Cr App R 182		United Kingdom	circa 1944	LexisNexis / Westlaw	51
R v Vaillancourt	(1988) 47 DLR (4th) 399; [1987] 2 SCR 636; (1987) 39 CCC (3d) 118		Canada	circa 1988		39
R v Carter	[1959] VicRp 19; [1959] VR 105; [1959] ALR 335		Australia - Victoria	5 Sep 1958	AustLII	33
S v Guess	1976 4 SA 715		South Africa	circa 1976	LexisNexis	31
Samuels v Stokes	[1973] HCA 62; 130 CLR 490; 2 ALR 269; 47 ALJR 766; 18 ALT 110	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	21 Oct 1896	AustLII	31
R v Boyesen	[1982] AC 768		United Kingdom	circa 1982	LexisNexis / Westlaw	29
Takiveikata v State	[2008] FJHC 315	High Court of Fiji	Fiji	12 Nov 2008	PacLII	27
Abourizk v State	[2019] FJCA 98	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	7 Jun 2019	PacLII	26
S v Mbatha, S v Prinsloo (CCT19/95, CCT35/95)	[1996] ZACC 1; 1996 2 SA 464	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	9 Feb 1996	SAFLII	24
Hksar v Hung Chan Wa	[2005] 3 HKLRD 291		Hong Kong	circa 2005		20
R v Romano	(1984) 36 SASR 283; 14 A Crim R 168	Supreme Court of South Australia	Australia - South Australia	circa 1984	Legal Online / Westlaw	19
R v McNamara	(1988) 87 Cr App R 246; (1988) 152 JP 390		United Kingdom	circa 1988	LexisNexis	18
R v Whyte	(1988) 51 DLR (4th) 481		Canada	circa 1988		18
R v Webb	(1977) 16 SASR 309	Supreme Court of South Australia	Australia - South Australia	circa 1977	Legal Online / Westlaw	17
R v Hinz	[1972] Qd R 272		Australia - Queensland	circa 1972	LexisNexis AU	17
Ragho Prasad v R	[1981] 1 All ER 319; [1981] 1 WLR 469		United Kingdom	circa 1981	LexisNexis	16
Laojindamanee v State	[2016] FJCA 137	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	30 Sep 2016	PacLII	11
S v Julies (CCT7/96)	[1996] ZACC 14; 1996 4 SA 313	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	11 Jun 1996	SAFLII	11
R v Fatu	[2006] NZLR 72		New Zealand	circa 2006	LexisNexis	10
R v Lewis	87 Cr App R 270		United Kingdom	circa 2003	LexisNexis	10
Lata v State	[2017] FJCA 56	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	26 May 2017	PacLII	9
HKSAR v Gurung Krishna	[2010] 4 HKLRD 456; [2010] 5 HKC 413		Hong Kong	circa 2010		9
Holt v Cameron	(1979) 22 SASR 321; (1979) 27 ALR 311; (1979) 38 FLR 226; (1979) 1 A Crim R 402	Supreme Court of South Australia	Australia - South Australia	27 Nov 1992	PacLII	9
R v Downey	90 DLR (4th) 449		Canada	circa 2003		9
Janosevic v Sweden	(2004) 38 EHRR 473	European Court of Human Rights	Europe	circa 2004		8
[1961] 3 All Er 969	[1961] 3 All ER 969		United Kingdom	circa 1961	LexisNexis	8
S v Ntsele (CCT25/97)	[1997] ZACC 14	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	14 Oct 1997	SAFLII	7
R v Chaulk	(1991) 1 CRR (2d) 1		Canada	circa 1991		7
S v Mello (CCT5/98)	[1998] ZACC 7	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	28 May 1998	SAFLII	6
S v Radloff	1978 4 SA 66		South Africa	circa 1978	LexisNexis	6
Rainima v State	[2023] FJCA 190	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	28 Sep 2023	PacLII	4
Abourizk v State	[2022] FJSC 9	Supreme Court of Fiji	Fiji	28 Apr 2022	PacLII	4
R v Alexander & Keeley	[1981] VicRp 31; [1981] VR 277		Australia - Victoria	26 Jun 1980	AustLII	4
Rolle v R	[1965] 3 All ER 582; [1965] 1 WLR 134		United Kingdom	circa 1965	LexisNexis	4
R v Laba	120 DLR (4th) 175		Canada	circa 2023		4
State v Abourizk	[2023] FJHC 402	High Court of Fiji	Fiji	16 Jun 2023	PacLII	3
Temo v State	[2022] FJCA 63	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	26 May 2022	PacLII	3
R v Keegstra	(1989) 39 CRR 5		Canada	circa 1989		3
R v Griffin	(1980) 23 SASR 264; (1980) 2 A Crim R 80	Supreme Court of South Australia	Australia - South Australia	circa 1980	Legal Online / Westlaw	3
[1972] Crim LR 779	[1972] Crim LR 779		United Kingdom	circa 1972	Westlaw	3
R v Seaman	4 A Crim R 119		Australia	circa 2023	Legal Online / Westlaw	3
Lata v State	[2015] FJCA 120	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	13 Mar 2015	PacLII	2
Salabiaku v France	(1988) 13 EHRR 37	European Court of Human Rights	Europe	circa 1988		2
Zainal bin Hamad v Public Prosecutor appeal	[2018] SGCA 62	Supreme Court of Singapore - Court of Appeal	Singapore	3 Oct 2018	AsianLII	1
"Statutory Reversals of Proof: Justifying Reversals and the Impact of Human Rights"	(2013) 32 University of Tasmania Law Review 247	University of Tasmania Law Review	Australia - Tasmania	circa 2013	AustLII	1
[1942] AC 8	[1942] AC 8		United Kingdom	circa 1942	LexisNexis / Westlaw	1
Rahman v State	[2024] FJCA 20	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	12 Feb 2024	PacLII
Ramzan v State	[2024] FJCA 3	Court of Appeal of Fiji	Fiji	5 Jan 2024	PacLII
R v Lambert	[2001] EWHC 719	High Court of England and Wales	United Kingdom - England and Wales	circa 2001	BAILII
R v Oakes	[1986] CanLII 46		Canada	circa 1986	CanLII

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